Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ์ข…์‹ ํšŒ์› โ€ค ๊ฐ•๋ฆ‰์›์ฃผ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณดํ˜‘๋™๊ณผ์ • ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Gangneung-Wonju National University โ€ค leehn77@hanmail.net)
  2. ์ข…์‹ ํšŒ์› โ€ค ๊ต์‹ ์ €์ž โ€ค ๊ฐ•๋ฆ‰์›์ฃผ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ† ๋ชฉ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Corresponding Author โ€ค Gangneung-Wonju National University โ€ค ghkim@gwnu.ac.kr)



ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜, ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜, ์‚ฐ์‚ฌํƒœ, GIS, Random walk model
Debris flow, Risk assessment, Simulation, Landslide, GIS, Random walk model

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ํญ์šฐ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Dore, 2005; Trenberth, 2011). ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ฒญ ์ด์ƒ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ 50 mm ์ด์ƒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ 70๋…„๋Œ€ ํ‰๊ท  5.1ํšŒ์—์„œ 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ํ‰๊ท  12.3ํšŒ๋กœ 2.4๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ(KMA, 2011, p.59), ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋„ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ™•์ธ๋œ๋‹ค. ํญ์šฐ๋Š” ํ† ์‚ฌ์žฌํ•ด์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์›์ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํญ์šฐ ๋นˆ๋„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตญํ† ์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋†’๊ณ  ์‚ฐ์ง€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋„ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋†’์•„ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ธฐ์กด ํ† ์‚ฌ์žฌํ•ด ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„, ๋˜๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—๋Š” AHP (๊ณ„์ธต๋ถ„์„๋ฒ•, Analytic Hierarchy Process)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Park and Kim(2015)์€ ๊ฐ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ค‘์š”๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด AHP๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ต๋Ÿ‰ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๊ตํ†ต๋Ÿ‰ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋˜๊ณ , ์šฐํšŒ์‹œ์„ค, ์•ˆ์ „๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ๊ทธ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ์ž‡๋Š”๋‹ค. Park et al.(2015)์€ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ํ† ์‚ฌ์žฌํ•ด ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ญ์‹œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ฐ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋Š” AHP ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Choi et al.(2013)์€ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜, ๋ฉด์ , ์ธต๊ณ , ์ฃผ์ฐจ๋ฉด์ˆ˜ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์žฌ์‹ค ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ† ์‚ฌ์žฌํ•ด์˜ ์ธ๋ฌธํ•™์  ์œ„ํ—˜๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋งŒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ, ์ „๊ตญ์— ํ™•๋Œ€ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด๋Œ€์ฑ…๋ฒ•์€ ๊ทธ ์‹œํ–‰๋ น์— ๋น„์ƒ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋ช…๊ธฐํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์žฌ๋‚œ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ํ•ต์‹ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์žฌ๋‚œ ๊ตฌํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฌ๋‚œ๋ณต๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์—…์‹œ ๊ตญ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ง€์›๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๋‹ค. ํ† ์‚ฌ์žฌํ•ด ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ ๋นˆ๋„๋‚˜ ์—ญํ• ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ณ€๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์žฌ์  ์ค‘์š”๋„, ๋˜๋Š” ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ ์†์‹ค๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ๋ณ‘ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์•ž์„œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํ๋ฆ„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋Š” FLO-2D, RAMMS, Debris-2D์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ๋ฆ„ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ์„ฑ์งˆ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ ์ž…๋ ฅ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ’ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„, ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค(Lee et al., 2011). ์ด์™€ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„๋งŒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ๋ฆ„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ™•๋ฅ ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” Random Walk Model (RWM)์€ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋ ฅ๋œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์— ํ•œ์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๋™์ด ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํ™•์žฅ์ด ์‰ฝ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฅ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” RWM์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” Lee et al.(2011)์ด ๊ฒฝ๋ถ ๋ด‰ํ™”๊ตฐ์„, Kim et al.(2014)์ด ์šฐ๋ฉด์‚ฐ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ RWM์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, RWM ๊ตฌ๋™์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ตœ์ ๊ฐ’์€ ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. Lee et al.(2011)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 1ํšŒ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰ 1.0 ใŽฅ, ์ •์ง€๊ฐ 4.2ยฐ, ๊ด€์„ฑ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ 2์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, Kim et al.(2014)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 1ํšŒ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰ 2.5 ใŽฅ, ์ •์ง€๊ฐ 8ยฐ, ๊ด€์„ฑ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ 1.1์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์Šค์œ„์Šค ๋กœ์ž”(Lausanne) ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฐํฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” Flow-R์€ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ์ „ํŒŒํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ† ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋กœ, RWM๊ณผ ์ž‘๋™ ์›๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค. Park et al. (2013)์€ Flow-R์„ ์šฐ๋ฉด์‚ฐ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , Kang and Kim(2017)์€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ Flow-R ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์„œ์ดˆ๊ตฌ ์šฐ๋ฉด์‚ฐ ์ผ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Fig. 1). ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” 2011๋…„ 7์›” ํญ์šฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฑด์˜ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋„๋กœ์— ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์žฌํ•ด์ธ ๋งŒํผ, ์‚ฌํ›„ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค.

ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ RWM์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” 1:5,000 ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„ Ver.2.0์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1:1,000 ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฐ์ง€์—์„œ ์ œ์ž‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ฉด Fig. 2์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. RWM ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ฒฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 1. Study Area
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig1.png
Fig. 2. Elements of the Research Procedure
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig2.png

3. RWM ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜

RWM ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ์‚ฐ์‚ฌํƒœ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ผ์ •๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์”ฉ ์ธ์ ‘ ์…€๋กœ ํ˜๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ Eq. (1)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด $R_{i}$์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค(Kim et al., 2014; Lee et al., 2011).

(1)
$R_{i}=\left(0.125 +0.875ยท\sin\theta_{i}\right)ยท In_{i}$

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ, $i$๋Š” ์ค‘์‹ฌ์…€์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ , $R_{i}$๋Š” ํ๋ฆ„์ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋œปํ•œ๋‹ค. $\theta_{i}$๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์ด๊ณ , $I n_{i}$์€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์— ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ด๋‹ค. ์ง„ํ–‰๋ฐฉํ–ฅ $I n_{i}$์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ $I n_{i}$์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ 1์ด๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ $R_{i}$๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋˜๋ฉด, Eq. (2)์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚œ์ˆ˜ $U_{i}$๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ 0๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ณ  $R_{i}$ ํ•ฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์€ ์ž„์˜์˜ ์ˆ˜ $Nr$์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.

(2)
$Nr=MOD\left[U_{i}\div (R_{1}+R_{2}+... +R_{8})\right]$

์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ $Nr$์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค.

$Nr<R_{1}$ โ†’ 1๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

$R_{1}<Nr<R_{1}+R_{2}$ โ†’ 2๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

$R_{1}+R_{2}<Nr<R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}$ โ†’ 3๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

$R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}<Nr<R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}+R_{4}$ โ†’ 4๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

$R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}+R_{4}<Nr<R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}+R_{4}+R_{5}$ โ†’ 5๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

$R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}+R_{4}+R_{5}<Nr<R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}+R_{4}$ $+R_{5}+R_{6}$โ†’ 6๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

$R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}+R_{4}+R_{5}+R_{6}<Nr<R_{1}+R_{2}+R_{3}+R_{4}$ $+R_{5}+R_{6}+R_{7}$โ†’ 7๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ โ†’ 8๋ฒˆ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

Fig. 3์€ ์šฐ๋ฉด์‚ฐ ์‚ฐ์‚ฌํƒœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ง€์  ์ค‘ ๋‘ ๊ณณ(A, B)์— ๊ธฐ์กด RWM์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ด๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์‚ฌํƒœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ 1 ใŽฅ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 1,000ํšŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด€์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ 1.05๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. A ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์„œ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์ค‘๋œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๋ณ„ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์— ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๋ณ„ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์ด๋™ ํ™•๋ฅ (Eq. (1))์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์…€์˜ ๋†’์ด๋ฅผ ์ผ์ •๋Ÿ‰(dh) ๋†’์—ฌ์„œ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ค‘์‹ฌ์…€ ๋†’์ด์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ Horton et al.(2013)์ด Flow-R ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ์„œ๋ก ์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์˜€๋“ฏ์ด Flow-R์€ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ฐฐํฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Kang and Kim, 2017; Lee and Kim, 2019; Park et al., 2013). Flow-R์€ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ™•๋ฅ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ RWM ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, Flow-R์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐจ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ RWM์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Fig. 4์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. dh๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํŠนํžˆ dh=1 m์ผ ๋•Œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Fig. 4์—์„œ ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋œ ๊ณณ์ด๋‹ค. Fig. 4(b) ์›์˜ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๋ˆ„์ ๊ฐ’์ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์•ฝ 198,000ํšŒ, Fig. 4(c) ์›์˜ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์•ฝ 12,300ํšŒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํšŸ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 1,000ํšŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Š” ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ’์ด๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํ† ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ญ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋งด๋„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์›์ธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€์„ฑ ํ•„ํ„ฐ(Horton et al., 2013)๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ด€์„ฑ ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋Š” Fig. 5์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ค‘์‹ฌ์…€(์Œ์˜)์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์…€์— ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•„ํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ ์…€ ๊ฐ’์€ Eq. (1)์˜ $I n_{i}$์— ๋Œ€์ž…๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋กœ์จ ๊ด€์„ฑ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋™์‹œ์— ํŠน์ • ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ค‘์‹ฌ์…€ ๋†’์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”(dh)์™€ ๊ด€์„ฑ ํ•„ํ„ฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Figs. 6 and 7๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด, ํ•„ํ„ฐ A, B๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๊ณ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ(๋ถ‰์€ ์„ )๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ถ„ํฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์ฐจ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๋ˆ„์ ๊ฐ’์ด 1,000ํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์ ๋„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ•„ํ„ฐ C๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ข์€ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๋ˆ„์ ๊ฐ’์ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ 36,270ํšŒ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์„  ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Fig. 3. Random Walk Model (RWM) Simulation Result on Mt. Umyeon
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig3.png
Fig. 4. Improved Random Walk Model (RWM) Simulation Results according to dh (Site A in Fig. 3)
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig4.png
Fig. 5. Inertia Filters for the Random Walk Model (RWM) Simulation
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig5.png
Fig. 6. Improved Random Walk Model (RWM) Simulation Results according to dh and Inertia Filter (Site A)
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig6.png
Fig. 7. Improved Random Walk Model (RWM) Simulation Results according to dh and Inertia Filter (Site B)
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig7.png

4. ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก

4.1 ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์ถ”์ถœ

์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„Ver2.0์€ ๊ตํ†ต, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ์‹œ์„ค, ์‹์ƒ, ์ˆ˜๊ณ„, ์ง€ํ˜•, ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„, ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ 8๊ฐœ ์˜์—ญ(๋Œ€๋ถ„๋ฅ˜)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ํ˜•ยท์ง€๋ฌผ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ 108๊ฐœ ์ค‘๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์™€ 683๊ฐœ ์†Œ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„Ver.2.0์€ ์ค‘๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ 108๊ฐœ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒด์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ํฌํ•จํ•  ๋Œ€์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด๋Œ€์ฑ…๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น ์ œ 30์กฐ๋Š” ๋น„์ƒ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ๋กœ ๊ณตํ•ญ์‹œ์„ค, ์ฒ ๋„์‹œ์„ค, ์ „๊ธฐ์„ค๋น„ ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์žฌ๋‚œ ๋ฐ ์•ˆ์ „๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋ฒ• ์‹œํ–‰๋ น์€ ๋ณ„ํ‘œ 2์—์„œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ํ•ต์‹ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ , ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜์†ก, ๊ธˆ์œต, ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ, ์›์ž๋ ฅ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ, ์ •๋ถ€์ฃผ์š”์‹œ์„ค, ์‹์šฉ์ˆ˜, ๋ฌธํ™”์žฌ, ๊ณต๋™๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์žฌ๋‚œ ๊ตฌํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ • ์ œ 4์กฐ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋น„ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ง€์›๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฌ๋‚œ๋ณต๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์—… ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผํƒ ๋ณต๊ตฌ, ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€ ๋ฐ ์—ผ์ „ ๋ณต๊ตฌ, ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค ๋ณต๊ตฌ ๋“ฑ ์ผ๊ณฑ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฒ•๋ น์— ๊ทœ์ •๋œ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์ค‘ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„ ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ๋ชฉ๋ก์—๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ 1:1,000 ์ง€๋„์—์„œ๋งŒ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋“ค์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋Š” Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์ข… ์ •๋ถ€๊ธฐ๊ด€, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€, ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ, ๊ณตํ•ญ ๋“ฑ ์ฃผ์š” ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด ์šฉ๋„ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ๋ฒ•์›, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„œ๋ฅผ ์—…๋ฌด์‹œ์„ค๋กœ, ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ž์น˜์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๋ฆฐ์ƒํ™œ์‹œ์„ค๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์šฉ๋„๋งŒ ๋ณด์•„์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ  ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Table 1. Digital Topographic Map Layers for Debris Risk Assessment

Category

Layer

Code

Shape

Attribute data

Traffic

road centerline

A0020000

polyline

road number, name, type, width, etc.

bridge

A0070000

polygon

name, type, material

tunnel entrance

A0123373

polyline

name

railroad centerline

A0171119

polyline

name, type

platform

A0191221

polygon

name

Building

building

B0010000

polygon

name, type, use, note

Facility

cultural properties

C0310000

point

name, type

gas station

C0423365

point

name, type

Vegetation

farmland boundary1

D0010000

polygon

type

farmland boundary2

D0020000

polygon

โ€“

4.2 ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก

๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ฒด์™€ ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ”ฝ์…€์„ ์ถ”์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฉด, Fig. 8(a)์—์„œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ฐ์ฒด ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋“ค์˜ ํ‰๊ท ๊ฐ’์ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„(Fig. 8(b))๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ”ฝ์…€ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ํด๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋ฉด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ArcGIS ๋„๊ตฌ(zonal statistics)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฐ์ •๋œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด์— ํ†ตํ•ฉ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค.

์šฐ๋ฉด์‚ฐ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ํ˜•์ดŒ๋งˆ์„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋ณ„ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Fig. 9์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์€ Natural Break ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•(Jenks, 1967)์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ, ์ค‘, ํ•˜, ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์—†์Œ์˜ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ•˜ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์˜ ์ตœ์ €๊ฐ’์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข… ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜๋„์™€ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋„ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ฌ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํŒ๋‹จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์„  ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋„๋กœ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„  ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ณ„ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ์ฒด ๋ถ€์œ„๋ณ„ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Fig. 10๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๋„(Fig. 10(a))๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„๋กœ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ค‘ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆฌ๊ณค์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ (Fig. 10(b)), ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๋„ ํด๋ฆฌ๊ณค๊ณผ ๋„๋กœ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ฒฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Fig. 10(c)). ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ํด๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋‚ด๋ถ€์™€ ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์„ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Fig. 10(d)์˜ ๋ถ‰์€ ํด๋ฆฌ๋ผ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๋„๋กœ์ด๋‹ค. ๋„๋กœ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด Table 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋„ˆ๋น„๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 11์€ ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ‰์ฐฝ๊ตฐ ์ง„๋ถ€๋ฉด ๋ด‰์‚ฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฐ์ง€์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‘ ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ, ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€, ๋„๋กœ, ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฉด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋†๊ฒฝ์ง€์™€ ๊ต๋Ÿ‰์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก์—๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ž‘์ง€ 5,673 ใŽก์™€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋„ค ์ฑ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  410ํ˜ธ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์•ฝ 211 m ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ชจ๋ฆฌ2๊ต(์ฝ˜ํฌ๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋„๋กœ๊ต)๋„ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 8. Damage Prediction for Buildings
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig8.png
Fig. 9. Risk Assessment for Buildings in Hyeongchon Village at the Foot of Mt. Umyeon
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig9.png
Fig. 10. Risk Assessment for Roads in Hyeongchon Village, Mt. Umyeon: (a) Debris Flow Risk Map (Raster), (b) Debris Flow Risk Map (Polygon), (c) Overlaid Layers, and (d) Roads Expected to be Damaged
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig10.png
Fig. 11. Risk Assessment for Facilities in Bongsan-ri, Pyeongchang-gun
../../Resources/KSCE/Ksce.2023.43.1.0139/fig11.png
Table 2. Statistics of Roads Expected to be Damaged in Hyeongchon Village, Mt. Umyeon

Criteria

Classification

Length (m)

Percentage

Note

Width

Under 12 m

4065.4

63.8

12โ€“25 m

778.5

12.2

25โ€“40 m

โ€“

0.0

40โ€“70 m

1527.7

24.0

Type

Village road

187.8

2.9

Unclassified

5640.1

88.5

Including expressway 137.2 m

Path

457.3

7.2

General national highway

86.4

1.4

Ansan-Cheorwon Road No.47

Pavement

Unpaved

1100.3

17.3

Paved

5271.3

82.7

* total 6371.6 m

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” RWM ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๋„์™€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ํ™•๋ฅ  ์ฆ‰, ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ RWM ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๋ น์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜๋„๋ฅผ ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์‚ฌํƒœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ถœ๋ ฅ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ณผ์ •์—๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ €, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ•ด์ƒ๋„์™€ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ด์ƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—๋Š” 5 m ํ•ด์ƒ๋„ DEM์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ•ด์ƒ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜๋‹ค. 150 ใŽก ์ดํ•˜ ๋ฉด์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ(์ฃผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ฃผํƒ)๋“ค์— 5 m ํ•ด์ƒ๋„ ์œ„ํ—˜์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ”ฝ์…€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. Fig. 11์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋กœ ์ถ”์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์กฐ๊ฐ ์ถ”์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ, ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‹ค.

์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„ ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์šฉ๋„, ๋ฉด์ , ์ธต์ˆ˜, ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 4.1์ ˆ์— ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ •๋ถ€ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹œ์„ค๋“ค์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์€ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ฒ„์Šค, ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ํŠธ์œˆ ๋“ฑ ๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ GIS๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํŽธํ™”๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€ํ˜•๋„ ์ˆ˜์š”๋„ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์ ์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์‹œํ™”๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐฉ์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด, ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ง€๋„์— ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 1ํšŒ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋‚˜ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํšŸ์ˆ˜ ๋“ฑ RWM ๊ตฌ๋™์— ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋ช‡ ์ฐจ๋ก€ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ตœ์ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ ํฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด์™€ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— GIS ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชฉ๋กํ™”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์ข… ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜๋„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์นœํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜, ํ† ์„๋ฅ˜๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ™์ˆ˜๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฌํ•ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์œ„ํ—˜ ์ง€์—ญ ๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผํ•ด ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋ฉด, ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกใƒปํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์•ˆํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธ€

์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ 2022๋…„ ์ •๋ถ€(๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€)์˜ ์žฌ์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ •๋ณด ์œต๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ธ์žฌ ์–‘์„ฑ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž„(2019-08-02).

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