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American Concrete Institute (2011). Building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318M-11) and commentary, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA.American Concrete Institute (2011). Building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318M-11) and commentary, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA.

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (2010). AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, 5th Edition, Washington, D.C., USA.American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (2010). AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, 5th Edition, Washington, D.C., USA.

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European Committee for Standardization (2004). Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures, Brussels, Belgium.European Committee for Standardization (2004). Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures, Brussels, Belgium.

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Korean Concrete Institute (2013). Examples of strut-tie model design of structural concretes, Kimoondang, Seoul, South Korea, p. 259 (in Korean).Korean Concrete Institute (2013). Examples of strut-tie model design of structural concretes, Kimoondang, Seoul, South Korea, p. 259 (in Korean).

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Marti, P. (1985). “Basic tools of reinforced concrete beam design.” Journal of American Concrete Institute, Vol. 82, No. 1, pp. 46-56.Marti, P. (1985). “Basic tools of reinforced concrete beam design.” Journal of American Concrete Institute, Vol. 82, No. 1, pp. 46-56.

Mattock, A. H., Chen, K. C. and Soongswang, K. (1976). “The behavior of reinforced concrete corbels.” PCI Journal, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 52-77.Mattock, A. H., Chen, K. C. and Soongswang, K. (1976). “The behavior of reinforced concrete corbels.” PCI Journal, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 52-77.

Nielsen, M. P., Braestrup, M. W., Jensen, B. C. and Bach, F. (1978). Concrete plasticity, beam shear - shear in joints - punching shear, Special Publication, Danish Society for Structural Science and Engineering, Lyngby, Denmark.Nielsen, M. P., Braestrup, M. W., Jensen, B. C. and Bach, F. (1978). Concrete plasticity, beam shear - shear in joints - punching shear, Special Publication, Danish Society for Structural Science and Engineering, Lyngby, Denmark.

Ramirez, J. A. and Breen, J. E. (1983). Proposed design procedure for shear and torsion in reinforced and prestressed concrete, Research Report 248-4F, Center for Transportation Research, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA.Ramirez, J. A. and Breen, J. E. (1983). Proposed design procedure for shear and torsion in reinforced and prestressed concrete, Research Report 248-4F, Center for Transportation Research, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA.

Schlaich, J., Schaefer, K. and Jennewein, M. (1987). “Towards a consistent design of structural concrete.” Journal of the Prestressed Concrete Institute, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 74-151.Schlaich, J., Schaefer, K. and Jennewein, M. (1987). “Towards a consistent design of structural concrete.” Journal of the Prestressed Concrete Institute, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 74-151.

Thurlimann, B. (1976). “Shear strength of reinforced and prestressed concrete - CEB Approach.” Special Publication 59-6, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, USA.Thurlimann, B. (1976). “Shear strength of reinforced and prestressed concrete - CEB Approach.” Special Publication 59-6, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, USA.

Vecchio, F. J. and Collins, M. P. (1982). The response of reinforced concrete to in-plane shear and normal stresses, Publication No. 82-03, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.Vecchio, F. J. and Collins, M. P. (1982). The response of reinforced concrete to in-plane shear and normal stresses, Publication No. 82-03, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.

Yang, K. H., Lee, Y. H., Eun, H. C. and Chung, H. S. (2003). “An evaluation of effective strength factor of strut in strut-tie modeling of reinforced concrete deep beams without shear reinforcement.” Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 21-28 (in Korean).Yang, K. H., Lee, Y. H., Eun, H. C. and Chung, H. S. (2003). “An evaluation of effective strength factor of strut in strut-tie modeling of reinforced concrete deep beams without shear reinforcement.” Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 21-28 (in Korean).

Yun, Y. M. (2005). “Effective strength of concrete strut in strut-tie model (I): Methods for Determining Effective Strength of Concrete Strut.” Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 25, No. 1A, pp. 49-59 (in Korean).Yun, Y. M. (2005). “Effective strength of concrete strut in strut-tie model (I): Methods for Determining Effective Strength of Concrete Strut.” Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 25, No. 1A, pp. 49-59 (in Korean).

Yun, Y. M. and Ramirez, J. A. (1994). “Strut-tie model design of disturbed regions in concrete structure.” ASCE Structural Congress XII, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Yun, Y. M. and Ramirez, J. A. (1994). “Strut-tie model design of disturbed regions in concrete structure.” ASCE Structural Congress XII, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.