Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ์˜๋‚จ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋„์‹œ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์กฐ๊ต์ˆ˜ (Yeungnam University)
  2. ์˜๋‚จ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋„์‹œ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ ์„์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Yeungnam University)
  3. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ตํ†ต์—ฐ๊ตฌ์› ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ตํ†ต๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์‚ฌ์—…๋‹จ ๋ถ€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์œ„์› (The Korea Transport Institute)


๊ฐœ์ธ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™” ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ, ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ˆ์‚ฐ, ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์ง€์ถœ, ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ
Mobile phone signaling data, Travel time budget, Travel time expenditure, Mobile big data

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  • 2. ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

  • 3. ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” ๋ฐ ์›์‹œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ณต

  •   3.1 ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š”

  •   3.2 KT ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š”

  •   3.3 ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ณต

  • 4. TTB๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

  •   4.1 TTB ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ

  •   4.2 ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

  •   5. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ ํ†ตํ–‰์— ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์ • ํ˜น์€ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ˆ์‚ฐ(travel time budget: TTB)1)์€ ๊ตํ†ต ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ๊ณ„ํš์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ 60๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์–ด์™”๋‹ค(Tanner, 1961; Zahavi and Ryan, 1980; Marchetti, 1994; Schafer and Victor, 2000; Mokhtarian and Chen, 2004; Kim et al., 2009; Stopher and Zhang, 2011; Choo and Na, 2011; Ahmed and Stopher, 2014; Stopher et al., 2017). ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ TTB ์ •์˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„(์˜ˆ, Zahavi and Ryan, 1980), ์ž๋™์ฐจ, ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™๋ ฅ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„(์˜ˆ, Chumak and Braaksma, 1981), ์šด์ „์ด ์ง์—…์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰๊ณผ ํ™˜์Šน์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ณดํ–‰(๋‹จ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ํ†ตํ–‰)์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ํ†ตํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„(์˜ˆ, Downes and Morrell, 1981), ๋ณดํ–‰ ๋ฐ ๋น„์—…๋ฌด ํ†ตํ–‰(non-motorized and non-work trips)์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„(์˜ˆ, Levinson and Kumar, 1995) ๋“ฑ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํŠน์ • ํ†ตํ–‰์ˆ˜๋‹จ๊ณผ ํ†ตํ–‰๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ TTB๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” TTB๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, TTB์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ตํ†ต ๊ณ„ํš ์ ˆ์ฐจ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ตํ†ต ์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ ์„ค์น˜ ๋“ฑ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” TTB๋ฅผ ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.1)

TTB๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํ†ตํ–‰ ํŒจํ„ด ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ TTB ์‚ฐ์ •์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์™”๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ ์ˆ˜ ํ™•๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„, ์‘๋‹ต์ž์˜ ์‘๋‹ต ์„ฑ์‹ค๋„์— ์˜ํ•œ ํŽธ์ฐจ ๋“ฑ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด์Šˆ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋น„์•ฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ๊ธฐ์กด ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์‹œ๋„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ธก์œ„์ฒด๊ณ„(global positioning system: GPS) ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ, ๋ฐœ์‹ ๊ณผ ์ฐฉ์‹  ํ†ต์‹  ๊ตํ™˜๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ†ตํ™”๊ธฐ๋ก์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ก(call detail record: CDR)ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ TTB ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. GPS ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ ์ˆ˜ ํ™•๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ CDR์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ž๋‚˜ ์Œ์„ฑํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์†ํ•œ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์œ„์น˜ ์ •๋ณด ํŒŒ์•…์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ, ๊ฐœ์ธ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”๋Š” ํ†ต์‹  ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์‹ (mobile phone signaling data: MPSD)์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ฐœ์ธ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”์˜ ์ „์›์ด ์ผœ์ง„ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”์™€ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ†ต์‹ ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ณผ์ •์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ •๋ณด ํ˜น์€ MPSD ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด TTB ์‚ฐ์ถœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ใˆœ์ผ€์ดํ‹ฐ(KT)์—์„œ 2016๋…„ 5์›” 19์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2016๋…„ 5์›” 26์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ์˜ 3๊ฐœ ๋™๊ณผ ์„ธ์ข…ํŠน๋ณ„์ž์น˜์‹œ์— ์ƒ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ 44,781,693๊ฑด์˜ MPSD๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. MPSD๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž๋ฃŒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์†์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, TTB ์‚ฐ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ MPSD๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ TTB ์‚ฐ์ • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค.

2. ๋ฌธํ—Œ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

TTB์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 1960๋…„ Tanner์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , 1980๋…„ Zahavi์— ์˜ํ•ด TTB๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ TTB์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ TTB ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฐ„ TTB๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋“ฑ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ ์ฐจ ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. TTB์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, TTB๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฌธํ—Œ์— ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” TTB๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋ฒ”์œ„์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œํ™œ๋™๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ง์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ TTB์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ „์ˆ ํ•œ 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์šฐ์„ , TTB๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์ž„์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋กœ, Zahavi์™€ Talvitie๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ 12๊ฐœ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, TTB๋Š” 66๋ถ„์—์„œ 78๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ต์  ์•ˆ์ •๋œ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ ดํ•จ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Zahavi and Talvitie, 1980). ๋˜ํ•œ Zahavi์™€ Ryan์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด DC์™€ ๋ฏธ๋„ค์†Œํƒ€ ํŠธ์œˆ์‹œํ‹ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋„๋กœ์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์„ ๋•Œ TTB๋Š” 1.1์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์†๋„๊ฐ€ 10km/h ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์—์„œ TTB๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Zahavi and Ryan, 1980). Marchetti๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ TTB ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ, TTB๊ฐ€ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ธ๋ฅ˜ํ•™์  ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Marchetti, 1994). ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ 11๊ฐœ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ Schafer์™€ Victor๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ TTB๋Š” ์•ฝ 68๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ •ํ•จ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Schafer and Victor, 2000). Joly๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต ํ˜‘ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ 100๊ฐœ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์กด๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ†ตํ–‰์†๋„๋Š” ํ†ตํ–‰๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์†๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  TTB๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Joly, 2004b). ๊น€ํƒœํ˜ธ ์™ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ 2002๋…„ ์„œ์šธ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„œ์šธ์‹œ์˜ TTB๋ฅผ 78.85๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Kim et al., 2009). 2002๋…„๊ณผ 2006๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”์ƒํ˜ธ์™€ ๋‚˜์Šน์›์€ 2002๋…„ ์„œ์šธ์˜ TTB๋Š” 83.41๋ถ„, ์ธ์ฒœ์€ 76,79๋ถ„, ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„๋Š” 76.29๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 2006๋…„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์„œ์šธ์€ 83.48๋ถ„, ์ธ์ฒœ์€ 75.65๋ถ„, ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„๋Š” 78.52๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ TTB๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Choo and Na, 2011).

TTB๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์ค‘ ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ” ๋ฒ ์ด ์—์–ด๋ฆฌ์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ํ†ตํ–‰ ์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ Purvis๋Š” TTB๊ฐ€ 1961๋…„์— 52๋ถ„, 1981๋…„์— 65๋ถ„, 1990๋…„์— 62๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Purvis, 1994). Levinson๊ณผ Kumar๋Š” ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด DC์˜ 1968๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ 1988๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ TTB๋Š” ์ง์—…์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 1968๋…„ 85๋ถ„, 1988๋…„ 101๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ 26๋ถ„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ์ง์—…์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 1968๋…„ 79๋ถ„, 1988๋…„ 93๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ 14๋ถ„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Levinson and Kumar, 1995). ๊ตญ์ œ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต ํ˜‘ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ 100๊ฐœ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ด ์ด๋™ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์ค‘ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„๊ณผ ์ฃผ์„ฑ๋ถ„๋ถ„์„์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ Joly๋Š” TTB๊ฐ€ ์œ ์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Joly, 2004a). van Wee์™ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง„์€ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ, 1979๋…„์—์„œ 1998๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด TTB๋Š” 7% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(van Wee et al., 2006). ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ Susilo์™€ Avineri๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ TTB๋Š” 67๋ถ„์—์„œ 71๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋จ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Susilo and Avineri, 2014).

์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ TTB ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ทน์†Œ์ˆ˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ์•ฝ 2% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ TTB๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” 5๋…„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์‹œํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์€ ์‘๋‹ต์ž์˜ ์„ฑ์‹คํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์— ์˜์กดํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์‘๋‹ต์ž์˜ ์ปจ๋””์…˜๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ, ํ†ตํ–‰ ํŒจํ„ด์— ์˜ํ•ด ํŽธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์— ์˜์กดํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋ฌด์„  ํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ MPSD์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ TTB๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3. ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š” ๋ฐ ์›์‹œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ณต

3.1 ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š”

MPSD๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™” ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์ด ์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”์˜ ์ „์›์ด ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„(Cell)๋‚ด์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. MPSD์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ID, ํ†ต์‹ ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ์œ„์น˜, ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ํ†ต์‹  ์‹œ์ž‘์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ค‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ID๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ •๋ณด๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ œ3์˜ ID๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ†ต์‹ ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™” ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์™€ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 1์€ MPSD์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์— ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์ด ๋‹ด๋‹น(coverage)ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์˜์—ญ์€ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ์•… ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์ด ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋„“๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ID๊ฐ€ 1000์ธ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™” ์ด์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ MPSD ๊ธฐ๋ก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ A์˜ ์˜์—ญ์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ A์™€ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”๋Š” ํ†ต์‹ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ์œ„์น˜, ํ†ต์‹  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ A์˜ x์ขŒํ‘œ(XA)์™€ y์ขŒํ‘œ(YA), ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„(T1)์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ†ต์‹ ์‚ฌ์˜ MPSD ๊ธฐ๋ก ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ID 1000 ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™”์™€ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ†ต์‹  ๋‚ด์—ญ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋Ÿ‰์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ์ง„์ž…ํ•œ ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ์ง„์ถœ ์‹œ์ ๋งŒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋Ÿ‰ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค.

Fig. 1.

Recording Concept of MPSD

Figure_KSCE_38_3_09_F1.jpg

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ Fig. 1์— ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ Fig. 2์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ A์— ์ง„์ž…ํ•œ ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ B์— ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์‹ ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋งŒ์„ ์ฒดํฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์˜์—ญ์˜ ์ง„์ถœ์ž… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 2, 4, 5๋ฒˆ ๋ ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์— ์ตœ์ดˆ ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ†ต์‹ ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋Ÿ‰์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 2.

Recording Concept of Reduced MPSD

Figure_KSCE_38_3_09_F2.jpg

3.2 KT ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐœ์š”

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ใˆœKT์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ MPSD์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ „์ˆ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ด๋ฉฐ, Cell-ID ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ Cell-ID ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์œ„์น˜ ์„ผ์‹ฑ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์†ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ Cell ID๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ์ธ ๋ฌด์„ ํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋‹ค(Lee et al., 2005). ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ 3์ดˆ ์ด๋‚ด๋กœ ํŒŒ์•… ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์…€ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ณง ์˜ค์ฐจ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Lee et al., 2005). ๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€์™€ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ „์ˆ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ด 44,781,693๊ฑด์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™” ์ด์šฉ์ž ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด 88,638๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.2) ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ 3๊ฐœ ๋™๊ณผ ์„ธ์ข…ํŠน๋ณ„์ž์น˜์‹œ๊ฐ€ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ๋“ฑ๋ก์ง€๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ํ™œ๋™ ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์ „์ฒด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ณต๋œ MPSD๋Š” ๋ถ„ ๋‹จ์œ„์—์„œ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜์–ด ์ดˆ ๋‹จ์œ„ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ํŠน์ • ๋ ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ ์ข…๋ฃŒ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ด์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์— ํƒ‘์Šนํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ cell์— ๋งค์šฐ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ cell๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์—ฐ์†๋œ ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ cell์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ข…๋ฃŒ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

3.3 ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€๊ณต

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ Cell-ID ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ MPSD๋Š” 3๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ์†ก์‹  ์„ค์ • ์ฐจ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ†ต์‹  ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๊ฐ„์„ญ์œผ๋กœ Cell์˜ ์˜์—ญ์€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Cell ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ„์น˜ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ •ํ™•๋„๊ฐ€ ํฐ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค(Lee et al., 2005). ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•ธ๋“œ์˜ค๋ฒ„(handover)์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ˜‘ํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ธ๋“œ์˜ค๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋™ ์‹œ ๋Š๊น€ ์—†๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ด์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ(ํ•œ๊ตญ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ํ˜‘ํšŒ ์šฉ์–ด์‚ฌ์ „), ์ด๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋˜๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ๊ฐ•๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜์‹œ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์œ„ 3๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์— ๊ณ„์† ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทน๋ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ ์ด์šฉ์ž์˜ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€์ ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ง์ „ ๋ ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ ๋ฒ„ํผ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฒ„ํผ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์ปค์งˆ ๋•Œ, ์ฒด๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธธ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋ฒ„ํผ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์ปค์ง€๋ฉด ์ด๋™์ด ์ฒด๋ฅ˜๋กœ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ํ•ด์„๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ 1๋ถ„, 3๋ถ„, 5๋ถ„, 10๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋ฒ„ํผ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ์€ 250m, 500m, 1km, 2km, 5km๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ 30๊ฐœ์”ฉ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„ 3๋ถ„๊ณผ ๋ฒ„ํผ 1km์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์„ค์ •์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 3์€ ํœด๋Œ€์ „ํ™” ์ด์šฉ์ž์˜ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ํ†ตํ–‰ ํ–‰ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๋ฒ„ํผ ํ˜•์„ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋œ cell (์ฆ‰, cell 2)์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ cell 2๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ 1km๋‚ด์— ์†ํ•œ cell๋“ค(ํšŒ์ƒ‰ ์›)์„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฎ์–ด ๋ฒ„ํผ(์ฒดํฌ๋ฌด๋Šฌ ์›)๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 3.

Spatiotemporal Travel Activities of a Mobile Phone User1)

Figure_KSCE_38_3_09_F3.jpg

KT์—์„œ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ MPSD์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ์ž‘์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์ข…๋ฃŒ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ถ„ ๋‹จ์œ„๊นŒ์ง€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์ข…๋ฃŒ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ์ž‘์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋บ€ ๊ฐ’์— 1์„ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. 1์„ ๋”ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด๋™ ์‹œ์— ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ณ„์† 0์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์„œ ์ด๋™์„ ํ–ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ์ด๋™์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ธก์ • ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ Fig. 3์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ, ์šฐ์ธก ํ•˜๋‹จ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ cell์€ 07:58์—์„œ 07:59๊นŒ์ง€ 2๋ถ„ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ์ดํ›„ 07:59๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 08:00๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ cell์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ cell๋กœ ์ด๋™ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ดํ›„ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ cell์—์„œ 08:00์—์„œ 08:03๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด 4๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ 2๋ฒˆ์งธ cell์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ 1km์˜ ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ 5๋ฒˆ์งธ cell๊นŒ์ง€ 2๋ฒˆ์งธ cell์—์„œ ์„ค์ •๋œ ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ 2๋ฒˆ์งธ cell์—์„œ 5๋ฒˆ์งธ cell๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ 2๋ฒˆ์งธ cell์— ์ฒด๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 6๋ฒˆ์งธ cell์€ ์„ค์ •๋œ ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋™ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 4๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ์ด์šฉ์ž์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์€ โ‘กโ†’โ‘ข, โ‘ฃโ†’โ‘ค, โ‘ฅโ†’โ‘ฆ, โ‘งโ†’โ‘จ, โ‘ฉโ†’โ‘ช๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ • ์ดํ›„ ํ†ตํ–‰ ํŒจํ„ด์€ โ‘กโ†’โ‘ข, โ‘ฉโ†’โ‘ช๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 4.

Spatiotemporal Travel Activities of a Mobile Phone User After Preprocessing

Figure_KSCE_38_3_09_F4.jpg

4. TTB๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„

4.1 TTB ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ

๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋“ฏ, TTB๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ TTB์˜ ์ •์˜๋งŒํผ TTB๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋… ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, TTB ์‚ฐ์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋Š ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€, ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ‘œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ†ตํ–‰(์˜ค์ „ ์ถœ๊ทผ, ์˜คํ›„ ํ‡ด๊ทผ, ์„ฑ์ธ, ์ง์žฅ์ธ ํ˜น์€ ํ•™์ƒ ๋“ฑ)์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ†ตํ–‰์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ TTB๋„์ถœ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ MPSD์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋งŒํผ ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ„์„ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง์žฅ์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน(์˜ค์ „ ์ถœ๊ทผ, ์˜คํ›„ ํ‡ด๊ทผ)์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, 21์„ธ์—์„œ 60์„ธ ์„ฑ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋งŒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด 8์ผ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ค‘ ํœด์ผ(ํ† ์š”์ผ, ์ผ์š”์ผ)์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ 6์ผ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ถœ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ํœด๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ์ ์ธ ํ†ตํ–‰์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด 6์ผ ์ค‘ 4์ผ ์ด์ƒ ํ†ตํ–‰์ด ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ MPSD ์ž๋ฃŒ๋งŒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง์žฅ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€๋ณ„ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ ๋ณ„๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Table 1์—์„œ 1๋ฒˆ์€ 00:01๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๊ทผ ์ „์ธ 05:00๊นŒ์ง€ 5์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ MPSD๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์ •์— ๋จธ๋ฌธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2๋ฒˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 05:01๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์œ ์—ฐ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ œ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์†Œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ์˜ ์ถœ๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ 09:00๊นŒ์ง€ MPSD์˜ ์œ„์น˜ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ถœ๊ทผํ†ตํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3๋ฒˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ MPSD๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์‹ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ „ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ 12:00๊นŒ์ง€ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—…๋ฌด์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ ์‹ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ›„ 13:01๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ 18:00 ์‚ฌ์ด์— 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ MPSD๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—…๋ฌด์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(4๋ฒˆ). ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ˜น์€ ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ํ†ตํ–‰์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” 5๋ฒˆ์€ 18:01์—์„œ 21:00๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” MPSD์˜ ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 21:01๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 24:00 ์‚ฌ์ด 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ตญ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ MPSD๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์ •์— ๋จธ๋ฌธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.3) ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ด 87,935๋ช…์˜ ์ด์šฉ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 966,200๊ฐœ์˜ MPSD ๋ ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ TTB ์‚ฐ์ถœ์— ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ๋ณ„๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด์™€์˜ ์œตํ•ฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ†ตํ–‰ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์ •๋™ ์ •๋ณด, ์ด์šฉ์ž์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ(์ง€์  ๊ฐ„ ์ง์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ), ํ†ตํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ, ๋น„๋ก ์ง์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์ƒ์น˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ†ตํ–‰์†๋„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ†ตํ–‰์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด์ƒ์น˜๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ‰๊ท  ๋ณดํ–‰ ์†๋„์ธ 5km/h๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ํ†ตํ–‰์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋„์‹œ๋ถ€ ๋„๋กœ ์ตœ๊ณ ์†๋„์ธ 80km/h์˜ ์†๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’๊ฒŒ ํ†ตํ–‰์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด์ƒ์น˜๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์ด์ƒ์น˜๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถœ์žฅ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ†ตํ–‰ํ•œ ์ด์šฉ์ž์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์ƒ์น˜ ์ œ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” IQR (inter-quartile range) ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ „์ฒด ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ค‘ 3์‚ฌ๋ถ„์œ„ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ PIC4280.gif, 1์‚ฌ๋ถ„์œ„ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ PIC4281.gif์ด๋ผ ํ–ˆ์„๋•Œ, ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด PIC4292.gif๊ฐ’ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ PIC42A3.gif๊ฐ’ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด์ƒ์น˜๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์™ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ TTB๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ–‰ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ถœ๊ทผ ์‹œ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆํฌ/์„ธ์ข…, ํ‡ด๊ทผ ์‹œ ๋„์ฐฉ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆํฌ/์„ธ์ข…์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋งŒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ด 23,072๊ฐœ, ์ด์šฉ์ž ์ˆ˜ 8,333๋ช…๊ณผ ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ ์ด 38,684๊ฐœ, ์ด์šฉ์ž ์ˆ˜ 14,824๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ TTB๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 1. Assumptions for Travel Activity Screening Table_KSCE_38_3_09_T1.jpg

4.2 ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Table 2๋Š” ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„ ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœใ€ฎํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ TTB๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„๋กœ ํฐ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, 56~60์„ธ์—์„œ 41.68๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ท  ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 21~25์„ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 41~45์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , 51~55์„ธ์—์„œ 47.19๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด 37.84๋ถ„์—์„œ 41.68๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด, ํ‰๊ท  ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 42.69๋ถ„์—์„œ 47.19๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์†Œ๋น„๋จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ถœ๊ทผํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ํ‡ด๊ทผํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ•ฉ์นœ TTB๋Š” 21์„ธ์—์„œ 35์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ดํ›„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , 56์„ธ์—์„œ 60์„ธ์— 86.49๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 80.52๋ถ„์—์„œ 86.49๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

Table 2. TTB by Age Group in Mapo-gu, Seoul (Unit: Minute) Table_KSCE_38_3_09_T2.jpg

Table 3์€ ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„ ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„, ํ‰๊ท  ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„, TTB๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 21~25์„ธ์—์„œ 56~60์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚˜์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 56~60์„ธ์—์„œ 42.75๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ท  ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 21~25์„ธ์—์„œ 41~45์„ธ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ถ”์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 34.35๋ถ„์—์„œ 42.75๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ , ํ‰๊ท  ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 40.87๋ถ„์—์„œ 44.44๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€์—์„œ ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ TTB๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” 75.92๋ถ„์—์„œ 87.19๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Table 3. TTB by Age Group in Sejong (Unit: Minute)Table_KSCE_38_3_09_T3.jpg

Fig. 5๋Š” ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ์™€ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ์˜ TTB๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด, 56~60์„ธ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€์—์„œ TTB๋Š” ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, 30์„ธ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ ์„ธ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 50๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 5.

Comparison of Mapo TTB and Sejong TTB by Age Groups

Figure_KSCE_38_3_09_F5.jpg

๋น„๋ก ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 6์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ TTB ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋กœ ๊ฐ ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„ ์„ธ์ข… ๋ฐ ๋งˆํฌ TTB์™€ 2002๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB (Choo and Na, 2011), 2006๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB (Choo and Na, 2011)๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•œ MPSD ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ TTB์™€ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ TTB๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๋Œ€์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ MPSD๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ TTB๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 20๋Œ€์—์„œ๋Š” MPSD๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฐ์ •ํ•œ TTB์™€ 2002๋…„, 2006๋…„ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌํ†ตํ–‰์‹คํƒœ์กฐ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 25.66๋ถ„, 27.85๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ํ†ตํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์—์„œ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ํ†ตํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ทผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์œผ๋กœ์˜ ํ†ตํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ์งง์€ TTB ํ˜•์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. 30๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋งˆํฌ TTB์™€ 2002๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB๋Š” ์•ฝ 4.4๋ถ„, 2006๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB์™€๋Š” 4.5๋ถ„์ •๋„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ๊ณ , 40๋Œ€๋Š” 2002๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB์™€ 5.74๋ถ„, 2006๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB์™€๋Š” 3.87๋ถ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 50๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, 2002๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB์™€ 3.5๋ถ„, 2006๋…„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ TTB์™€ 5.05๋ถ„์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์กด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ข์€ ์‹ ๊ทœ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๋Œ€๋น„ TTB๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜์ด๋Œ€ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 6.

Comparison of TTBs based on MPSD and TTBs based on Survey Data

Figure_KSCE_38_3_09_F6.jpg

5. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๋˜ TTB ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ MPSD ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ TTB๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” KT์—์„œ 2016๋…„ 5์›” 19์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 5์›” 26๊นŒ์ง€ 8์ผ๊ฐ„ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ 3๊ฐœ ๋™๊ณผ ์„ธ์ข…ํŠน๋ณ„์ž์น˜์‹œ์— ์ƒ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด 88,638๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด 44,781,693๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ „์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด 23,157๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 61,756๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ TTB ์‚ฐ์ถœ์— ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ์˜ TTB๋Š” 82.94๋ถ„, ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ์˜ TTB๋Š” 80.70๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 2.24๋ถ„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ‰๊ท  ์ถœ๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ๋Š” 38.88๋ถ„, ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ๋Š” 38.50๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 0.33๋ถ„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๊ณ , ํ‰๊ท  ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ๋Š” 44.06๋ถ„, ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ๊ฐ€ 42.20๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ 1.86๋ถ„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก TTB๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก TTB๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜, ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ TTB์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๋งˆํฌ๊ตฌ 3๊ฐœ ๋™๊ณผ ์„ธ์ข…์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 8์ผ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ „๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ TTB๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ง€ํ‘œ, ๊ตํ†ต์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์œตํ•ฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด TTB์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•ด์„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ MPSD์™€ ๋„๋กœ ์ •๋ณด, ํ†ตํ–‰ ์†๋„ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์œตํ•ฉ์€ ํ–ฅํ›„ ํ†ตํ–‰ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” MPSD ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฒด๋ฅ˜์‹œ๊ฐ„ 3๋ถ„๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฝ 1km์˜ ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋น„๋ก ์ด ๊ฐ’์€ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ์—๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ „๊ตญ๋‹จ์œ„ ํ˜น์€ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ’์ด ์ ํ•ฉํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด ๊ฐ’๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋ฒ„ํผ ์„ค์ • ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค.

1) ํ†ตํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ˆ์‚ฐ(travel time budget)์˜ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ํ†ตํ–‰์— ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ, TTB๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” TTE (travel time expenditure)๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, TTB์™€ TTE๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ TTB๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž„.

2) ํ†ต์‹  ๋น…๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ณต ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์˜คํ”ˆ ์†Œ์Šค ๊ด€๊ณ„ํ˜• ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ธ MySQL์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3) ์•ผ๊ฐ„์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด(home) 24:00 ์ „ํ›„๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ MPSD ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ก ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•จ.

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