Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์‚ฌํšŒํ™˜๊ฒฝ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Yousei University)
  2. ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์‚ฌํšŒํ™˜๊ฒฝ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ต์ˆ˜ ()
  3. ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์‚ฌํšŒํ™˜๊ฒฝ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ์„์‚ฌ ()


XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•, ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฒ•, ์นจ์ˆ˜ํŠน์„ฑ์น˜, ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜, ๋…ธ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„, ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ
XP-SWMM 2011 model, Basin-overlap method, Flood characteristic values, Surface flow, Surface slope, Inflow efficiency

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  • 2. ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ•ด์„ ๋ชจํ˜•

  • 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญํ˜„ํ™ฉ

  •   3.1 ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ˜„ํ™ฉ

  •   3.2 ์ž…๋ ฅ์ž๋ฃŒ

  •   3.2.1 ๊ด€๋ง์ž๋ฃŒ

  •   3.2.2 ์ง€ํ˜•์ž๋ฃŒ

  • 4. ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„

  •   4.1 ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜

  •   4.2 ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

  • 5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ง€์„ฑ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ์ธ๋ช…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. 2010๋…„ 9์›” 21์ผ๊ณผ 2011๋…„ 7์›” 27์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ˜ธ์šฐ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ๊ด‘ํ™”๋ฌธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐ•๋‚จ ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์ผ๋Œ€ ๋“ฑ ์šฐ์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ž˜ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹ฌ์ง€์— ์นจ์ˆ˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์šฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํ•˜์ฒœ์ˆ˜์œ„ ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋กœ ๋‚ด์— ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋น„๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์žฌ์‚ฐ์— ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค(Sim, 2008). ์ตœ๊ทผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด์˜ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด Sim (2008)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์›”๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ํ•˜์ฒœ ์ˆ˜์œ„ ์ƒ์Šน์— ์˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์œ ์ถœ๋ชจํ˜•์ธ EPA SWMM, ILLUDAS ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ 1์ฐจ์› ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทผ๋ž˜์—๋Š” 2์ฐจ์› ๋ชจํ˜•๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 1์ฐจ์›๊ณผ 2์ฐจ์› ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์‹œํ‚จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€ํ™”๋œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์ƒ์šฉํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. Lee and Yeon (2008)์€ XP-SWMM ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ, ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ•ด์„ ์‹œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Phillips et al. (2005)์€ ๋„์‹œ์ง€์—ญ์˜ 2์ฐจ์› ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ•ด์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด TUFLOW ์—”์ง„๊ณผ XP-SWMM ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ 1D/2D ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ์ ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Rangarajan et al. (2008)์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฒ„์ง€๋‹ˆ์•„์ฃผ ๋‚ด์˜ ํ•™๊ต ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ XP-SWMM๊ณผ 2์ฐจ์› ์—”์ง„์ธ TUFLOW ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด 2์ฐจ์› ํ™์ˆ˜ ํ•ด์„์ด ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž„์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Seocho-gu (2012)์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์ˆ˜์žฌํ•ด ์œ„ํ—˜์š”์ธ ๋ถ„์„ ๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ XP-SWMM ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , 10๋…„, 30๋…„ ๋นˆ๋„ ํ™•๋ฅ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์™€ 2011๋…„ ์‹ค ๊ฐ•์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„œ์ดˆ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ํ”ผํ•ด์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตยท๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจํ˜•์€ 2์ฐจ์› ๋ชจ์˜๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ ์›”๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋งŒ์„ ๋ชจ์˜ ํ•  ๋ฟ ๋…ธ๋ฉด์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์— ์˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋„์‹œ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” XP-SWMM ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ 1, 2์ฐจ์› ์—ฐ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— 1์ฐจ์› ๊ฐ€์ƒ๊ด€๋กœ ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ‘œ๊ณ ๋ชจํ˜•(DEM)์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฉ์žํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„ ๋ถ„์„์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ Yang and Kim (1997)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋„๋กœ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค ์„ค๊ณ„์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ • ๊ธธ์ด ์‚ฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ Yi (2002)์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” 1์ฐจ์› ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋ฉด์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์— ์˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์š”์นจ์ˆ˜์›์ธ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜• ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์‹ค์ œ์— ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ•ด์„ ๋ชจํ˜•

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ EPA SWMM ์—”์ง„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ XP- SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ ๊ด€๋ง ํ•ด์„๊ณผ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•ด์„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฒ”๋žŒ๊ณผ ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ์ˆ˜์งˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ ์šฉ๋œ XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์€ 2010 ๋ฒ„์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ TUFLOW ์—”์ง„์˜ ๋„์ž…์œผ๋กœ 1์ฐจ์›๊ณผ 2์ฐจ์› ๋ถ„์„์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1์ฐจ์› ํ•ด์„์€ Runge-Kutta์˜ 2์ฐจ ์œ ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋ถ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, 2์ฐจ์› ํ•ด์„์€ Stelling์˜ ์œ ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋ถ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์ฆ‰, ADI (Alternating Direction Implicit)๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ฒœ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2์ฐจ์› ํ•ด์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์€ 1์ฐจ์›, 2์ฐจ์› ๋‘ ์—”์ง„์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌยท์ˆ˜๋ฌธํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€์ƒ์— ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Š” 100% ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋กœ๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ด€๋กœ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์›”๋ฅ˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ DTM (Digital Terrain Model)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ํ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค์— ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ(Yi, 2002)์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ง€์—ญํ˜„ํ™ฉ

3.1 ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ˜„ํ™ฉ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์ธ ์„œ์šธ์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญ์€ 8๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๊ตฌ๋กœ

๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„œ์ดˆ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋™์ž‘๊ตฌ, ๊ด€์•…๊ตฌ์ธ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ 

์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ์€ ํ•˜๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์—ญ๋ฉด์  13.70PIC2A1C.gif, ํ•˜์ฒœ์—ฐ์žฅ

4.84PIC2A6B.gif, ์œ ๋กœ์—ฐ์žฅ 7.47PIC2ADA.gif์ธ ์ง€๋ฐฉ2๊ธ‰ ํ•˜์ฒœ์ด๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ์€ ๋ณต๊ฐœํ•˜์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜ํญ์€ ์•ฝ 5โˆผ26m, ํ•˜์ƒ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋Š” 1/566โˆผ1/36๋กœ ์ƒ๋ฅ˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์ง€์ ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ํŽธ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋ฅ˜๋ถ€๋Š” ์™„๋งŒํ•˜๋‹ค(Seocho-gu, 2012). ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฅ˜๋ถ€์ธ ์‚ฌ๋‹น์—ญ ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™ยท์„œยท๋‚จ์ธก ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์ด ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜• ๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋„์‹œํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋„๋กœํฌ์žฅ ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ถˆํˆฌ์ˆ˜์ธต์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด ๋น—๋ฌผ๋ฐ›์ด์— ๋ฏธ์ฒ˜ ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ฉด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ๋ณธ๋ฅ˜(ํ•˜๋ฅ˜๋ถ€ ์ €์ง€๋Œ€)๊นŒ์ง€ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ค‘๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘ยทํ•˜๋ฅ˜๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ์™„๋งŒํ•ด์ง€๋ฉฐ ์ €์ง€๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€๊ฑฐ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ธฐ์ค€์ธ 30๋…„ ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ตญ์ง€์„ฑ ์ง‘์ค‘๊ฐ•์šฐ ์‹œ ๋‚ด์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์ œ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์ง€ํ˜•์  ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

3.2 ์ž…๋ ฅ์ž๋ฃŒ

3.2.1 ๊ด€๋ง์ž๋ฃŒ

XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ 1์ฐจ์› ๊ด€๋ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ๊ด€๋ง์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด 1,370ha์˜ ๋ฉด์ ์ธ 8๊ฐœ์˜ ์†Œ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์—ญ์„ 415๊ฐœ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์˜ ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ 486๊ฐœ ๋…ธ๋“œ์™€ 498๊ฐœ ๋งํฌ๋กœ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์€ 972๊ฐœ ๋…ธ๋“œ์™€ 996๊ฐœ ๋งํฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

PIC2D3C.jpg

PIC2F50.gif

(a) Sadangcheon Watershed and Sub-basins

(b) Sadangcheon Watershed DTM

Fig. 1. Sub-basins and DTM of Sadang Watershed

3.2.2 ์ง€ํ˜•์ž๋ฃŒ

XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์—์„œ 2์ฐจ์› ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ 1:5,000 ์ถ•์ฒ™์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€๋„(๋„์—ฝ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ 37608100โˆผ37709011)๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ DTM (Digital Terrain Model)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€๋„์˜ ํ‘œ๊ณ ๊ฐ’ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฑ๊ณ ์„  ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด F0027217, F0017111, F0017114์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ Shape ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ ํ›„ TIN (Triangular Irregular Network)์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  XP-SWMM ์ƒ์—์„œ DTM์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€ํ˜•์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฉ์ž๋Š” 27m ร— 27m ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์…€, ์•ฝ 29,000์—ฌ๊ฐœ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ DTM์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2์ฐจ์› ํ•ด์„ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” ๋ถ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜ํฌ์ฒœ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜์ , ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๊ตฌ์˜ ๋์ธ ๋‚จํ˜„๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 1(a)๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, Fig. 1(b)๋Š” XP-SWMM 2011 ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ DTM์ด๋‹ค.

4. ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ ๋ถ„์„

์„œ์ดˆ๊ตฌ ํ’์ˆ˜ํ•ด์ €๊ฐ์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ(Seocho-gu, 2012)์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€ 2011 ์ˆ˜ํ•ด๋ฐฑ์„œ(Seoul Metropolitan, 2012)์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2011๋…„ 7์›” 27์ผ ๊ธฐ์Šต์ ์ธ ํญ์šฐ๋กœ ์ €์ง€๋Œ€ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ†ต์ˆ˜๋ถˆ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง€์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค์— ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์—ฌ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Seocho-gu, 2012). ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒ์šฉํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์‹œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๋ถˆํˆฌ์ˆ˜์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธ๋ฉด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋น—๋ฌผ๋ฐ›์ด ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค์— ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฅ˜๋ถ€ ๋…ธ๋ฉด์— ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ’์ธ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„์™€ Ahn et al. (2013)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํŠน์„ฑ์น˜(Flood characteristic values)๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํŠน์ด์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

4.1 ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜

์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2011๋…„ 7์›” 27์ผ์˜ ์‹ค ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋‹น์—ญ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฐฐ์—ญ ์‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ ์ง€๋Œ€์—์„œ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜์–‘์ƒ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜• ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจํ˜• ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ•˜ ์šฐ์ˆ˜๋ฐฐ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งจํ™€์—์„œ ์›”๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์œ ์ถœ๋งŒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ํŠน์ง• ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

Fig. 2(a)๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ฉด ์œ ์ถœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„๋กœ 2011๋…„ 7์›” 27์ผ ์‹ค ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค๋กœ์˜ ๊ฐ•์šฐ ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ XP-SWMM ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์˜๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ชจํ˜• ๋ชจ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„(Fig. 2(a))์™€ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„(Fig. 2(b))์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ชจ์˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น—๋ฌผ๋ฐ›์ด์— ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋ฅ˜๋ถ€ ๋งจํ™€์—์„œ์˜ ์›”๋ฅ˜ํ˜• ์นจ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง€์—์„œ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

4.2 ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

XP-SWMM 2011๋ชจํ˜•์€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ ์†Œ์œ ์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Š” ์ง€์ •๋œ ๋งจํ™€๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋œ ํ›„ ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ์ถœ๋˜๋‹ค ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋กœ์˜ ํ†ต์ˆ˜๋Šฅ ๋ถ€์กฑ, ํ•˜๋ฅ˜๋ถ€ ์ˆ˜์œ„ ์ƒ์Šน ๋“ฑ์˜ ์›์ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋งจํ™€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›”๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์›”๋ฅ˜๋œ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด 2์ฐจ์› ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ํ๋ฆ„ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ž…๋ ฅ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ 1, 2์ฐจ์› ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ชจ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ์—ญ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ ์ค‘ ๋งจํ™€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋กœ๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์šฐ์™€ ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ Fig. 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•  2์ฐจ์› ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด๋ชจํ˜•์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ 1์ฐจ์› ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋กœ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋ชจ์˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.

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(a) Simulated Flood Inundation Map for Not Considering Surface Flow

(b) Observed Flood Inundation Map (July 27, 2011)

Fig. 2. Simulated and Observed Flood Inundation Map

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Fig. 3. Illustration of Basin-Overlap Method

๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ 1์ฐจ์› ์šฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€๋กœ๋ชจํ˜• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๊ด€๋กœ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๊ด€๋กœ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๋งจํ™€์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ๊ฐ™์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ด€๋กœ์˜ ํ†ต์ˆ˜๋Šฅ์„ 0์— ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์šฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ›„ ๋งจํ™€๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ์œ ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์œ ์ž…๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์›”๋ฅ˜๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค. 2์ฐจ์› ์ง€ํ‘œ ํ๋ฆ„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ GIS์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ‘œ๊ณ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜• ์ƒ์—์„œ DTM์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ DTM์€ ๋ชจํ˜•์ƒ์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ์จ ๊ด€๋กœ์˜ ํ†ต์ˆ˜๋Šฅ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ๋„˜์นœ ์›”๋ฅ˜๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ƒ๊ด€๋กœ์˜ ์œ ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ๋ฅด๋„๋ก ๋‘ ๊ด€๋กœ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„๋กœ ์œ ์—ญ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ(Yi, 2002)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ๊ด€๋กœ ์œ ์ž…์šฉ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ€์ƒ๊ด€๋กœ ์œ ์ž…์šฉ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ ์šฉ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€๋„์—์„œ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ๋“ฑ๊ณ ์„ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ GIS ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์˜ TIN์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 2โˆผ10% ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ XP-SWMM ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ Background image๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๋งจํ™€ ์ง€์ ์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ %์— ๋งž๋Š” ์ ์ • ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. Fig. 4๋Š” GIS๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์ด๊ณ  Table 1์€ ๋…ธ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์˜ ์œ ์ž…ํšจ์œจ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

Fig. 5๋Š” ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ชจํ˜• ๊ตฌ์ถ• ์ˆœ์„œ๋„์ด๋‹ค. ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„์™€์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด ์œ ์ถœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ถˆํˆฌ์ˆ˜์ธต ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ์œ ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋…ธ๋ฉด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ €์ง€๋Œ€์— ์Œ“์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŠน์ •์ง€์ ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ชจ์˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ค์ฐจ๋Š” 22.4%๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ๋ชจ์˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ‰๊ท ์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ 6.83%๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ํ‰๊ท ์˜ค์ฐจ 15.57%๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Fig. 6์€ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„์ด๋ฉฐ, Table 2๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜ ๊ณ ๋ ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

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Fig. 4. The Surface Slope

Table 1. A Inflow Efficiency by Surface Slope

Slope (%)

Real model (%)

Dummymodel (%)

2

97

3

4

85

15

6

82

18

8

80

20

10

77

23

Over 10

70

30

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Fig. 5. The Method of Basin Overlap

Figs. 2 and 6์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ Fig. 2(a) ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์€ 141ha์œผ๋กœ Fig. 2(b)์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ํ”ผํ•ด์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ๋„๋กœ๋ฉด์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์„ ํ•ฉํ•œ 194ha์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์ด ์ž‘๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” XP-SWMM ๋ชจํ˜• ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ 2์ฐจ์› ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง€์—์„œ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 203ha์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ 9ha ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ Figs. 2(b) and 6์„ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์นจ์ˆ˜์–‘์ƒ์ด ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋น—๋ฌผ๋ฐ›์ด ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์›ํ™œํžˆ ์œ ์ž…๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ชจ์˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ์—ญ ์ƒ๋ฅ˜๋ถ€์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•˜๋ฅ˜๋ถ€ ์ €์ง€๋Œ€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค. Table 3์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ฐ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜์–‘์ƒ์„ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค.

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Fig. 6. Flood Inundation Map of Basin-overlap Simulation

Table 2. Comparison of the Flood Depth

Site

Observed depth

Simulated depth

Traditional simulation

Basin-overlap method

Depth

Relative error

Depth

Relative error

Sadang station Exit 1

0.45m

0.319m

29.1%

0.412m

8.44%

Sadang station Exit 3

0.55m

0.461m

16.2%

0.487m

9.64%

Sadang station Exit 12

0.37m

0.294m

20.5%

0.354m

4.32%

Bangbae station Exit 12

0.29m

0.220m

24.1%

0.305m

4.92%

Table 3. Comparison of the Flood Area

Site

Observed flood area

Simulated flood area

Traditional simulation

Basin-overlap method

Area

Relative error

Area

Relative error

Sadangcheon watershed

194ha

141ha

27.6%

203ha

4.6%

5. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜• ๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ชจ์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. 2011๋…„ 7์›” 27์ผ ์‚ฌ๋‹น์ฒœ ์œ ์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋…ธ๋ฉด๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์‹ค์ œ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจํ˜•์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ตญ์ง€์„ฑ ๊ฐ•์šฐ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์— ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์ผฐ๋˜ 2011๋…„ 7์›” 27์ผ ์‹ค ๊ฐ•์šฐ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜๋ชจ์˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์นจ์ˆ˜ํŠน์„ฑ์น˜์™€ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜• ๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์— ํ˜ธ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ XP-SWMM 2011๋ชจํ˜• ๋ชจ์˜ ์‹œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง€์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ ๊ด€๋กœ๋ชจํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ๊ด€๋กœ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋œ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„์™€ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์นจ์ˆ˜ํŠน์„ฑ์น˜ ์ค‘ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์€ 9ha ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ 4.6%์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ 27.3%๋กœ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํŠน์ •์ง€์ ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํ‰๊ท ์ƒ๋Œ€์˜ค์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 22.4%์ธ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜ํ•ด ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ชจํ˜• ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 6.83%๋กœ ํŠน์ •์ง€์ ์˜ ์นจ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ชจํ˜•์ด ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์œ ์—ญ์ค‘์ฒฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ XP-SWMM 2011 ๋ชจํ˜• ๋ชจ์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด์œ ์ถœํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ถ„์ง€ํ˜• ๋„์‹œ์œ ์—ญ์˜ 2์ฐจ์› ์นจ์ˆ˜ํ•ด์„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์น˜์ˆ˜๊ณ„ํš๊ทœ๋ชจ ์„ค์ • ์‹œ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง€์˜ ๋…ธ๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜์‹œ์„ค ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ฉด ์œ ์ถœ์ˆ˜ ํ•ด์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•จ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋‹ค.

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