Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ์„œ์„๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ฒ ๋„์ „๋ฌธ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ต์ˆ˜ (ex-FHWA, USDOT)


๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…ํ‰๊ฐ€, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ, ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ, AHP, ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •
Transportation policy evaluation, Seoul MTA, MPO, Analytic hierarchy process, Group decision making

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  •   1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ

  •   1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

  •   1.3 ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ† 

  •   1.4 ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์—ญ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

  • 2. ์ตœ์ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ AHP ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์ ์šฉ

  •   2.1 ๋Œ€์•ˆ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ์„ ์ •

  •   2.2 ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •

  •   2.3 ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •

  •   2.4 ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ

  • 3. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

  •   3.1 ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

  •   3.2 ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ ๋„์ถœ

  •   3.3 ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋„์ถœ

  • 4. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ œ

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ

1960๋…„๋Œ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๊ณ ๋„์„ฑ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ์™€ ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ง‘์ค‘, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์˜ ์ง€์†์  ํ™•์žฅ์€ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€๋„์‹œํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๋„์‹œํ™”๋œ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌยท์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฒด๋Š” ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ, ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ฒœ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ ๋“ฑ ๊ถŒ์—ญ ๋‚ด 3๊ฐœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด๋กœ์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ด€ํ• ๊ตฌ์—ญ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ง€์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ „์ฒด ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ์ €ํ•˜๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ถŒ์—ญ ๋‚ด ์ด ๊ตํ†ต๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์‹ฌํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค.

์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์˜ ํํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์—ญ์— ๊ตฌ์• ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณ„ํš๊ณผ ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์šด์˜์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ 2005๋…„ 2์›”, 3๊ฐœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ํ˜‘์˜ ํ•˜์— ๏ฝข์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋ฒ•๏ฝฃ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์กฐํ•ฉ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 3๊ฐœ ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด ๊ฐ„ ์ž์œจ์  ํ˜‘์˜์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฒ•์  ๊ตฌ์†๋ ฅ, ์ •์น˜ํ–‰์ •๋ ฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋…๋ฆฝ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฒฐ์—ฌ๋œ ํƒœ์ƒ์  ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ 3๊ฐœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์˜ ์ดํ•ฉ์  ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ˜„์žฌ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” 2017๋…„ 7์›” โ€˜๊ตญ์ •์šด์˜ 5๊ฐœ๋…„ ๊ณ„ํšโ€™์˜ 100๋Œ€ ๊ณผ์ œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— โ€˜2018๋…„ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ ์‹ ์„คโ€™๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 20๋Œ€ ๊ตญํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” โ€˜๋Œ€๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„๋ฒ•,โ€™ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  โ€˜์ •๋ถ€์กฐ์ง๋ฒ•โ€™ ๋“ฑ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ•๊ฐœ์ •์ด ๊ณ„๋ฅ˜์ค‘์ด๋‹ค(Cho et al., 2017).

์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ ์„ค์ด ๊ฐ€์‹œํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ, ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณ„ํš๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ทธ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์—…๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์˜์ ์ ˆํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์žฅ๋ž˜์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์šด์šฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์  ๊ตํ†ต๊ณ„ํš์— ๋„๋ฆฌ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ์ •๋Ÿ‰์  ํšจ๊ณผ(quantitative output) ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์  ์œ ๋ฐœ์ธ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ(quantitative input)์˜ ํˆฌ์ž…์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋‚˜ ์ง‘ํ–‰๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ์ง‘ํ–‰๊ณผ์ •์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋“ฑ, ์ •์„ฑ์  ์š”์ธ(qualitative impact)์„ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ ์‹ ์„ค์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ณ„์ธตํ™”๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•(AHP: Analytic Hierarchy Process)์€ ๋‹ค๊ธฐ์ค€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ์„œ ์ •์„ฑ์  ์š”์ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ค๋ฌธ๋น„๊ต, ์ฆ‰ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •(group decision making)๊ณผ์ •์€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค(alternatives) ๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€(criteria)์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด์›๋น„๊ต ๋˜๋Š” ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต(pairwise comparisons)ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋Œ€์•ˆ๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„์œจ์ฒ™๋„(ratio scale) ์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๋น„์œจ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋ณ„ ์ค‘์š”๋„์— ๊ฐ€์ค‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ข…๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ํšจ๊ณผ๋‚˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ๋‹ค. AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋‚˜ ์šด์˜๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋“ฑ ์ •์„ฑ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ํšจ๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ธก, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰์ ์ธ ๋น„๊ต๋ถ„์„ ๋“ฑ์— ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์‹ ์„ค๋  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๋ถ„์žฅ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์™€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ๊ฐ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๊ถŒ์žฅ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ, ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๋ถ„์žฅ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋“ค์„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ† ์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ , ๋„์ถœ๋œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๋ถ„์žฅ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ๊ด€๋ จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ† ์˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ , ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

1.3 ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€ํ† 

๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ •์ฑ…๋Œ€์•ˆ์˜ ์„ ์ •๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตํ†ต๊ด€๋ จ ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์ ์šฉํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค.

Kim and Lee(2015)๋Š” AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜์š”๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์™€ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์„ ์ ์šฉ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜์š”๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ •์ฑ… ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Chung et al.(2005)์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฏผ์›์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒ ๋„๊ฑด์„ค๋Œ€์•ˆ์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํŒ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ์„ ์ •๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Kim et al.(2010)์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ด€๋„๋กœ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ์„ ์ • ๋ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ชจํ˜• ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Oh et al.(2014)์€ ์ฒ ๋„๊ด€์ œ๊ถŒ ์šด์˜์ฃผ์ฒด ์„ ์ • ์‹œ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด์˜์ฃผ์ฒด๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ•œํŽธ, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ตฌ์ƒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ถ€๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์™”๋‹ค.

Mo(2014)๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šคํ–ฅ์ƒ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋ณต์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์ฒญโ€™์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Cho et al.(2017)์€ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ ์„ค๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ์กฐ์ง, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์šด์šฉ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์„ค๋ฆฝํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

1.4 ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์—ญ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ

๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ์œ ๋Ÿฝ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ณธ ๋“ฑ ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ตํ†ต์šด์˜ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ๋“ค์€ ์ธ์ ‘๋Œ€๋„์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์—ญ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์— ๊ตฌ์• ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ์—ญ๋‚ด ํ†ตํ•ฉ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธ์‹์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ •์น˜ยท์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋งž๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ–‰์ •์ง‘ํ–‰๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ถŒ์—ญ๋‚ด ์ „์ฒด์ง€์—ญ๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์—ญ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ „์—ญ์„ ๊ถŒ์—ญ๋‚ด ์ธ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋„์‹œํ™”์ง€์—ญ(Urbanized Areas; ์ธ๊ตฌ 50,000 ์ด์ƒ), ๋„์‹œํ™” ๊ตฌ์—ญ(Urban Clusters; ์ธ๊ตฌ 2,00์ด์ƒ 50,000 ๋ฏธ๋งŒ), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„๋„์‹œํ™”์ง€์—ญ(Rural Area)๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(US Census Bureau, 2017). 1962๋…„์— ์ œ์ •๋œ ๋ฏธ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๋„๋กœ์ง€์›๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ๊ฐ๋„์‹œํ™”์ง€์—ญ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ๊ณ„ํš๊ธฐ๊ตฌ(MPO: Metropolitan Planning Organization) ์„ค๋ฆฝ์„ ์˜๋ฌดํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ๊ณ„ํš๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋„์‹œํ™”์ง€์—ญ๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํ† ์ง€ยท๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์šด์˜๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์žฅยท๋‹จ๊ธฐ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๊ตํ†ต๊ณ„ํš๊ณผ ๊ตํ†ตํˆฌ์ž์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ง‘ํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์ž์ฒด์—ฐํ•ฉ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณ„ํš๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์ž…๋ฒ•์  ํ† ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜ํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ–‰์ •์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ƒ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์€ 1998๋…„ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ต์œ„์›ํšŒ(EMTA: European Metropolitan Transport Authorities)๋ผ๋Š” ํ†ตํ•ฉ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ”์ •๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ต์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ํšŒ์›๋„์‹œ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค, ์ฆ‰ ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณ„ํš, ํ–‰์ •, ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ง‘ํ–‰๋“ฑ์˜ ์ค‘์žฌ, ์กฐ์ • ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ฐ•์žฌ, ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋“ฑ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…๊ฒฐ์ •๊ถŒ๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ณธ์˜ ๋„์ฟ„๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์ธ ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต์„ฑ ์‚ฐํ•˜ ๊ด€๋™์šด์ˆ˜๊ตญ์ด ๋„์ฟ„๊ด‘์—ญ๊ถŒ์—ญ์˜ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๊ต์  ์ค‘์•™์ง‘๊ถŒ์ ์ธ ์ •์น˜ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ณธ์˜ ํ–‰์ •์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ด€๋™์šด์ˆ˜๊ตญ์€ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ง€์—ญ๋‚ด ์žฅ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ตํ†ต๊ณ„ํš, ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์šด์˜, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตํ†ต์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๋“ฑ ์ผ๊ด€ํ™”๋œ ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์œ„์˜ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์™ธ๊ตญ ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ๋‚ด ๊ตํ†ต๋‹ด๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๊ถŒ๋ณด์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํ–‰์ •์„œ๋น„์Šค์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ดํ•ฉ ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํšจ์œจ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์ž์œจ๊ถŒ์„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

2. ์ตœ์ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ AHP ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์ ์šฉ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ์ •, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ์„ ์ •์ด ์„ ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ (1) ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ (2) ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ„์„๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋“ค์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2.1 ๋Œ€์•ˆ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ์„ ์ •

AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ€์ค‘ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ์„ ์ •์€ AHP ์ „ ๊ณผ์ •์—, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ์ข…๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ •์— ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ตœ์ข… ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๋„์ถœ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์  ํ‰๊ฐ€์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฐธ์กฐํ•œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ตํ˜„ํ™ฉ๊ณผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ, ์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์šด์˜์ฒด๊ณ„, ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๋‚ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์šด์˜์ฒด๊ณ„, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€์˜ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์šด์˜ํ˜„ํ™ฉ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์‚ฌ๋ก€์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๋“ฑ์ด๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ† ์˜(brainstorming)๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ ์ •๋œ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋“ค์€ ์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒํ™”, ์ด ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ๋“ฑ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ์„ ์ •๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ„ํŽธ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์ถ•๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ( ) ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

โ€ข์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ(์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •๋Šฅ๋ ฅ) : ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์„œ์šธํŠน๋ณ„์‹œ, ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์ฒœ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ ๋“ฑ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์—ญ๋‚ด 3๊ฐœ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์ง€๋ฐฉํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์šดํ–‰์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์กฐ์œจ ๋“ฑ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆํ˜‘ํ™”์Œ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ์„ค๋  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ˜‘์˜, ์กฐ์ •, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง‘ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์œ„์˜ 3๊ฐœ ํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ •์น˜๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํ–‰์ •๋ ฅ์„ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ถ”์ง„๋ ฅ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ฐ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜์ œ๋“ค์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ํ–‰์ •์  ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์šฉ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด๋‹ค.

โ€ข๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒํ™”(๊ตํ†ต๋ถ„๊ถŒ) : ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ • ๊ฐœ์ž…์€ ์„ค์‚ฌ ๊ถŒ์—ญ ๋‚ด ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ… ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต๋ณต๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•„์š”๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๊ฒฐํ•œ ํ•œ์‹œ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์  ๊ฐœ์ž…์ด๋ผ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ง€์—ญ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ’€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™”, ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒํ™”์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์žฌ์กฐ๋ช…ํ•ด ๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์ง€์—ญ๋ฏผ์— ์˜ํ•œ, ์ง€์—ญ๋ฏผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญํŠน์„ฑ์— ์ตœ์ ํ™”๋œ ์ง€์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์‹œํ–‰์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ 3๊ฐœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์—ญ ๋‚ด ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ ์‹ ์„ค ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ตํ†ต๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜, ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…๋ถ„๊ถŒํ™”์— ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด๋‹ค.

โ€ข์ด ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ(์ตœ์†Œํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ) : ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ ์„ค์€ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ธ์ , ๋ฌผ์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ–‰์ •์  ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์—ญ๋‚ด 3๊ฐœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋น„์šฉ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ 3๊ฐœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์กฐ์œจ์˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ , ํ–‰์ •์  ๋น„์šฉ ๋“ฑ์—๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. โ€˜์ด ํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑโ€™ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ โ€˜์ตœ์†Œํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉโ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๊ฐ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๋‚ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ (๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝ ํ›„ 30๋…„) ์ด ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ์ด๋‹ค.

โ€ข์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ(์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐœ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ) : ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์กฐ์ •, ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„ , ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„ํ†ตํ•ฉ ๋“ฑ ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์šฉ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ „์ฒด ๊ตํ†ตํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ตํ†ตํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ ์ถ”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝ์˜ ๊ตํ†ตํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ทธ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ โ€˜์ตœ๋Œ€๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„ ํšจ๊ณผโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๊ฐ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ถŒ์—ญ ๋‚ด ์ „์ฒด๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ (๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝ ํ›„ 30๋…„) ๊ตํ†ตํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ์„ ์˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

โ€ข๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ(๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ตํ–ฅ์ƒ) : ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตํ†ตํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ถŒ์—ญ ๋‚ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์ฃผ์ฒด์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ •๋„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ์ „์ฒด ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ตํ†ต์ฃผ์ฒด ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ตํ†ตํŽธ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ด๋™ํŽธ์˜์™€ ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์งˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋ณ„, ๊ตํ†ต์ˆ˜๋‹จ๋ณ„ ์ด ๊ตํ†ต ์ง€์ฒด์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋„๋กœํ˜ผ์žก๋„, ๊ตํ†ต ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ, ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ, ์พŒ์ ์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒํ™œํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋“ฑ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์„ฑ์  ๊ธฐ์ค€์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ๊ตํ†ตํŽธ์˜ ์ฆ๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ค€์ด๋‹ค. โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๊ฐœ์„  ์ •๋„์— ๊ธฐ์ค€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๋ฌป๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด๋‹ค.

2.2 ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •

์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ ์„ค์— ์•ž์„œ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค ์ค‘์— ๊ทธ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ, ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ํ† ์˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹คํ˜„๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธํ˜•์‹์˜ ๊ฐ„ํŽธ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์ถ•๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ( ) ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

โ€ข๋Œ€์•ˆ 1: ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ทจ์†Œ(์„ค๋ฆฝ์ทจ์†Œ) : ๊ณ„ํš๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„ํ• ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„ํ–‰์˜ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์ •์ฑ…, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ง€์†๋œ๋‹ค.

โ€ข๋Œ€์•ˆ 2: ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€ํ˜•ํƒœ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์‹ ์„ค(์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€) : ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์„ ์‹ ์„คํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์„ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์šด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๋‹ค.

โ€ข๋Œ€์•ˆ 3: ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ณ„์ฒญ ํ˜•ํƒœ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์‹ ์„ค(๋ณ„์ฒญ) : ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€์žฅ๊ด€๊ธ‰ ์ •์น˜๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ฒญ์žฅ์˜ ์ง€ํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ๋ณ„์ฒญ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‹ ์„คํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ž…๋ฒ•ยท์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ง‘ํ–‰์— ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋‚˜ ์ธ์‚ฌยทํ–‰์ • ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์—ฐํ•ฉ๊ณผ ์—…๋ฌด์œตํ•ฉ์„ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค.

โ€ข๋Œ€์•ˆ 4: ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€๊ฐœ์„ (๋ณธ๋ถ€๊ฐœ์„ ) : ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€์˜ ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์‹คํ˜„๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€์˜ ์ธ์‚ฌยทํ–‰์ •ยท์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์šด์˜์— ํ•œ์‹œ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ œํ•œ์ ์ธ ์ง€์›์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 1์€ ์‹ ์„ค ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„์ธต๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์ธต๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์•„๋ž˜์ธต์— ์žˆ๋Š” โ€˜๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ทจ์†Œโ€™๋“ฑ 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ธต์— ์žˆ๋Š” 5๊ฐœ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ์ค‘์š”๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•ด์ ธ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ—์ธต์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌํ˜•ํƒœ์„ ์ • ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

Fig. 1.

Hierarchial Structure To Find The Best Type of Organizational Formation

Figure_KSCE_38_01_11_F1.jpg

2.3 ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •

์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‹ ์„ค์€ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€๋‚ด ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์กฐ์ง์˜ ๋น„๋Œ€ํ™”์™€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์ง€์—ญ ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ตํ†ต์šด์˜์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ์žฌํŽธ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ๋“ฑ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ๋„ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์—…๋ฌด๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š” ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์˜ ์™„๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๊ทธ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ํ™•์žฅ์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์„ธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

โ€ข๊ด‘์—ญ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ–ฅ์ƒ : ๊ด‘์—ญ์ฒ ๋„, ๊ด‘์—ญ๋ฒ„์Šค, ํ™˜์Šน์‹œ์„ค ๋“ฑ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ด‘์—ญ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์šด์˜๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ˜‘์˜ยท์กฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋กœ์„œ ๊ด‘์—ญ๋ฒ„์Šค๋…ธ์„ ๊ณผ ์šดํ–‰์˜ ์กฐ์ •, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด‘์—ญ์ฒ ๋„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์šดํ–‰ ๋“ฑ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ˜„์•ˆ์„ ํ˜‘์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

โ€ข๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๋ง ๊ฐœ์„  : ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ด‘์—ญ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„ ๋Œ€์ฑ…, ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ธ‰ํ–‰๋ฒ„์Šค(BRT)์‚ฌ์—… ๊ณ„ํš, ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„๋กœ๋ง๊ณผ ์ฒ ๋„๋ง ํ™•์ถฉยท๊ณ ์†ํ™” ๋“ฑ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ๊ณ„ํšยท์˜ˆ์‚ฐยท์šด์˜๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ˜‘์˜ยท์กฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

โ€ข์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ตํ†ต์šด์˜์ฒด๊ณ„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์šด์šฉ : ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ณ„ํš, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต๊ณ„ํš, ๋“ฑ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๋‚ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œตํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด๊ด„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

์œ„์˜ ์„ธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ถ„์•ผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์— ๊ธฐ์ค€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹คํ˜„๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ ์—…๋ฌด๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ํ†ตํํ•ฉ๊ณผ ์กฐ์œจ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ํ›„, ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ํ† ์˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธํ˜•์‹์˜ ๊ฐ„ํŽธ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์ถ•๋œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ( ) ์•ˆ์— ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

โ€ข๋Œ€์•ˆ 1: ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์กฐ์ •(๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์กฐ์ •) : ํ˜„์žฌ โ€˜๊ด‘์—ญ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™ ์—…๋ฌด๋งŒ์„ ๊ด€์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ํ˜„์•ˆ์„ ํ˜‘์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋งŒ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ธ์›๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ต์šด์šฉ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค.

โ€ข๋Œ€์•ˆ 2: ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์กฐ์ • + ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„ (๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„ ) : โ€˜๊ด‘์—ญ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™ ๊ณผ โ€˜๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๋ง ๊ฐœ์„ โ€™์„ ํ•ฉ์ณ ์žฅยท๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ์ฃผ์•ˆ์ ์„ ๋‘”๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์ค‘ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ต์šด์˜์ฒด๊ณ„์— ์ค‘๊ฐ„๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค.

โ€ข๋Œ€์•ˆ 3: ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์กฐ์ • + ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„  + ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„ํ†ตํ•ฉ(๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„ํ†ตํ•ฉ) : ์„ธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ „์ฒด ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ํ†ตํ•ฉ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ด๊ด„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋„ ์„ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๋ฉฐ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์‹œ๋„ˆ์ง€ํšจ๊ณผ๋„ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋œ๋‹ค.

Fig. 2๋Š” ์‹ ์„ค ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„์ธต๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณ„์ธต๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ธต์— ์žˆ๋Š” โ€˜์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅโ€™๋“ฑ 5๊ฐœํ•ญ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ทธ ์ค‘์š”๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•˜์œ„์ธต์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ โ€˜๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์กฐ์ •โ€™๋“ฑ 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•œ ํ›„, ๊ทธ ์ˆœ์œ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ โ€˜๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„์„ ์ •โ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ตœ์ข…๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

Fig. 2.

Hierarchial Structure To Find The Most Suitable Scope of Work

Figure_KSCE_38_01_11_F2.jpg

2.4 ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์„ ์ •๋œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„์™€ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ 9์  ์ฒ™๋„์‹ ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ 3๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ๊ฐ„ ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์ ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ๊ฐ„ ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต ๋“ฑ์ด๋‹ค. Table 1์€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง์—…๋ณ„๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ ์‹ ์„ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš, ์šด์˜ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•œ ๋„์‹œยท๊ตํ†ต ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ด 29๋ช…์˜ ๋„์‹œยท๊ตํ†ต ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์„ค๋ฌธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ง์ ‘๋ฉด๋‹ด(21๋ถ€ ํšŒ์ˆ˜)๊ณผ e-mailํšŒ์‹ (8๋ถ€ ํšŒ์ˆ˜)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ํ›„ ๊ฐ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์‹ ๋น™์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ ๋น„์œจ(CR: Consistency Ratio)์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒ€์ฆ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋น„์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ง€์ˆ˜(Inconsistency Index)๊ฐ€ 0.15์™€ 0.25 ์‚ฌ์ด์ธ 7๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ค๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ(feedback)๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์˜€๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์ง€์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 0.15์ดํ•˜์ธ 23๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋ถ„์„์— ์ด์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ณธ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ˆซ์ž์ธ 30๊ฐœ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ํ‘œ๋ณธ์˜ ์ •๊ทœ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฒ€์ฆ ๋“ฑ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ๊ฒ€์ฆ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์‹  ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ฐ’, ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ฐ’, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ‰๊ท ์น˜ ๋“ฑ 1์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์ˆ ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Table 1. Questionnaire Response and Acceptance by Group Table_KSCE_38_01_11_T1.jpg

3. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

3.1 ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

Table 2๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ๋„์ถœ๋œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๋น„์œจ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜(0.400)๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์‹ ์„ค๋  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์— ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์˜ ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™์— 0.245์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ด ์ง์ ‘ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ โ€˜์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅโ€™์„ ์‹ ์„ค๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๋ถ„๋‹ด ์—…๋ฌด ๊ฒฐ์ •์— 0.193์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ โ€˜์ด ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ(0.100)โ€™๊ณผ โ€˜๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒํ™”(0.062)โ€™ ๋“ฑ ๋‘ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ, ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์‹ค์งˆ์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์ฑ… ์ถ”์ง„๋ ฅ์— ์‹ ์„ค๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์˜ ์ง‘ํ–‰๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์—๋Š” ํฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ ์€ ์„ค๋ฌธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ง์—…๋ณ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ Table 3์—์„œ๋„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ, โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™๊ณผ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ,โ€™ ๋˜๋Š” โ€˜์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅโ€™ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ˆœ์œ„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ํ•™๊ณ„์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์„ธ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ง, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ง‘๋‹จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ โ€˜์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅโ€™์„ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒโ€™์— ์šฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐ์—…์ฒด์ง‘๋‹จ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์‹ ์„ค ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ์—…๋ฌด๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ(0.401)โ€™๊ณผ โ€˜์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ(0.247)โ€™ ๋“ฑ์ด โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ(0.208)โ€™ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ ค์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. Table 3์˜ ํ•˜๋‹จ๋ถ€๋Š” ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜ ์„ค๋ฌธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๊ตํ†ต์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ(0.437)โ€™์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ์›”๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ธ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋„์‹œ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ(0.301)โ€™์ด โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ(0.339)โ€™๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋“ฑํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.

Table 2. Weight Factors of Evaluation Items by Respondent Group (Rank) Table_KSCE_38_01_11_T2.jpg
Table 3. Weight Factors by Occupancy and Major of Respondents (Rank) Table_KSCE_38_01_11_T3.jpg

3.2 ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ ๋„์ถœ

๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ์„ค์˜ˆ์ •์ธ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. Table 4๋Š” ์ตœ์ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„์— ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ค‘ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ โ€˜๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ทจ์†Œ(0.078)โ€™๋‚˜ โ€˜์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€๊ฐœ์„ (0.166)โ€™์— ์šฐ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ„์ฒญ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ๋“  ๋˜๋Š” ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ๋“  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์ด ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์‹ ์„ค๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋งŒ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด ๋ณ„์ฒญ(0.399)์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‹ ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€(0.358)์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‹ ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.

๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณ„ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ง์—…๋ณ„๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•œ Table 5์—์„œ๋„ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ, ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด ๊ธฐ๊ตฌํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€(0.420)ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ ํ˜ธํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ•™๊ณ„์ง‘๋‹จ๋„ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ๋ณ„์ฒญํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ณด๋‹ค ์›”๋“ฑํžˆ ์„ ํ˜ธ(0.478 ๋Œ€ 0.271)ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์—…์ฒด ์ง‘๋‹จ๋„ ๋น„๊ต์  ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด(0.402 ๋Œ€ 0.315)๋กœ ๋ณ„์ฒญ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋„ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๊ตํ†ต์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„์ฒญ(0.412)์„ ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€(0.344)๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋„์‹œ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€(0.381)์„ ๋ณ„์ฒญ(0.377)๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋„๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋งŒํผ ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.

Table 4. The Priority After Applying Composite Weights for Q. 1 Table_KSCE_38_01_11_T4.jpg
Table 5. The Priority Grouped by Occupation and Major of Respondents for Q. 1 Table_KSCE_38_01_11_T5.jpg

3.3 ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋„์ถœ

Table 6์€ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„์— ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์—์„œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ๊ด‘์—ญ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค ํ–ฅ์ƒ(0.129)์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šคํ–ฅ์ƒ(0.269)๋ณด๋‹ค ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๊ด€๋ฆฌ(0.602)๋ฅผ ์›”๋“ฑํžˆ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ตํ†ต๊ณต๋ฌด์›์€ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋Œ€์•ˆ์˜ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๊ฐ€ 0.736์— ์ด๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์„ค๋ฌธ์— ์‘ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์‹ ์„ค ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์ธ ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์žˆ๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ์ „์ฒด๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

Table 7์€ ์‹ ์„ค๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ์  ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‘๋‹ต ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ง์—…๋ณ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฌ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ง์—…๊ณผ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ ๋„๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ–‰์ •๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „์ฒด์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์„ค๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Table 6. The Priority After Applying Composite Weights for Q. 2 Table_KSCE_38_01_11_T6.jpg
Table 7. The Priority Grouped by Occupation and Major of Respondents for Q. 2 Table_KSCE_38_01_11_T7.jpg

4. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ œ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๊ธฐ์ค€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฒ•์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์‹ ์„ค๋  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ๊ทธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ธฐ์ค€์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—๋Š” ์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •์  ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒํ™”, ์ด ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •๋น„์šฉ์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ, ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ โ‘ ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ณ„์ฒญ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์‹ ์„ค(0.399), โ‘ก์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ง์†๊ธฐ๊ด€ํ˜•ํƒœ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์‹ ์„ค(0.358), โ‘ข์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๋ณธ๋ถ€๊ฐœ์„ (0.166), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  โ‘ฃ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ทจ์†Œ(0.078)์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์„ ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์Œ๋Œ€๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ AHP๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ โ‘ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„ํ†ตํ•ฉ(0.602), โ‘ก๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต๊ฐœ์„ (0.269), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  โ‘ข๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์กฐ์ •(0.129)์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ„์„๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ตํ†ต๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์‹ค์ œ๊ตํ†ตํ–‰์ •์˜ ์šด์˜์ฃผ์ฒด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์šด์˜๋น„์šฉ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „์ฒด๊ตํ†ต์„œ๋น„์Šค์™€ ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ตํ†ต๋ณต์ง€์˜ ์งˆ ํ–ฅ์ƒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์น˜ยทํ–‰์ •๋ ฅ์— ๋” ๋†’์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์ด ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€๋‚ด ๋ณ„์ฒญํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‹ ์„ค๋˜์–ด ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๋‚ด ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ข…ํ•ฉ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์‹ ์„ค๋  ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ทจ์ง€์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ˜•ํƒœ์™€ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ํŒ๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์ฐฐํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…๋ถ„์„์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ , ๊ณต๊ฐ„์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ์ด์™ธ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ค‘ยท์žฅ๊ธฐ ๊ตํ†ต์ •์ฑ…๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ์ •, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ™•๋ณด๋กœ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๊ฒ€์ฆ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑํ™•๋ณด ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ชจ์ƒ‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๊ด‘์—ญ๊ตํ†ต์ฒญ์ด ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋œ ํ›„์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‚ฌํ›„ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ํ›„์†์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฆฌ์  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„๊ถŒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ „๊ตญ 5๋Œ€ ๊ด‘์—ญ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋„“ํ˜€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

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