Mobile QR Code QR CODE : Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

  1. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์‚ฌํšŒํ™˜๊ฒฝ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€ ๊ต์ˆ˜, ๊ณตํ•™๋ฐ•์‚ฌ (Pusan National University)
  2. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์‚ฌํšŒํ™˜๊ฒฝ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณตํ•™๊ณผ, ์„์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ • (Pusan National University)


๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„, ์ •๋ณด์—ฐ๊ณ„, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง
Construction equipment, Information interface, Construction equipment attribute, Data modeling

  • 1. ์„œ ๋ก 

  •   1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ

  •   1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

  • 2. ๊ด€๋ จ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

  • 3. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

  •   3.1 ์šด์˜ํŠน์„ฑ

  •   3.2 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„

  • 4. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ

  •   4.1 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค

  •   4.2 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์†์„ฑ๋ถ„์„

  • 5. ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ดํ•‘

  •   5.1 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ณผ์ •

  •   5.2 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง

  •   5.3 ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

  • 6. ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ดํ•‘

  • 7. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

1. ์„œ ๋ก 

1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ

๊ฑด์„ค๊ณต์‚ฌ์—์„œ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์‹œ๊ณต๋  ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์—๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค์ข…์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋Š” ์ž‘์—… ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋Š” ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฅ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณต์‚ฌ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ตœ์ ์กฐํ•ฉ๊ณผ ์šด์˜์€ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณต์‚ฌ์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํˆฌ์ž…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ํ›„ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์šด์˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์™€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค์ข…์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ค„์ ธ์•ผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ์ค‘ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฅ์—ฌ๊ฑด ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž‘์—…๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์œ ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ž์™€ ์ž‘์—…์ž ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์™€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ง€์†์ ์ด๊ณ  ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๊ตํ™˜์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ํ˜„์žฅ์—ฌ๊ฑด ์†์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์ž ๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ค„์ง€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณตํ†ต์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์†Œํ†ต๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์  ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์ •๋ณด๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Šฅ๋ฅ ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„ ์šด์˜์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ง€์›๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋„ค ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์šด์˜ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์กฐ์ข…๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์ข…์›๊ณผ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง๊ณผ ์†์„ฑ๊ฐ’์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋„ท์งธ, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์˜ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค(Fig. 1).

๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๋น„์ค‘์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์ธ ๊ตด์ฐฉ, ์ •์ง€, ์šด๋ฐ˜ ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์šด์˜ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

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Fig. 1. Research Process

2. ๊ด€๋ จ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

์ตœ๊ทผ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจํ™”, ์‹œ์Šคํ…œํ™”, ๊ณ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ํŠธ๋žœ๋“œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฌ์—…์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠธ๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ํšจ์œจ ๋ฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์ž๋™ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ํŠนํžˆ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Šฅ๋ฅ ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž๋™ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์ด ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์ถ•์ ๊ณผ ํ™œ์šฉ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์šด์˜์‹œ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, Lee et al.(2013)๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค ์ž๋™ํ™” ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ ํ˜„์žฅ์ž‘์—…์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋™ํ™” ๊ฑด์„ค ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Kim(2014)์€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์—์ด์ „ํŠธ๋“ค์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์  ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ, ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ์—์ด์ „ํŠธ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ทจ๋“์ •๋ณด์˜ ๊ณต์œ  ๋ฐ ์กฐ์ •๊ณผ ํ˜‘์—…๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์˜ ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์šด์˜์‹œ ์ •๋ณด๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋๋‹ค. Seo et al.(2006)์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์šด์˜์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„คํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋น„์šด์˜, ์šด์˜์ฃผ๊ธฐ, ํ˜„์žฅ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šคํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ถ•์ ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฅ๋น„์šด์˜ ๋ฐ ์กฐํ•ฉ๊ณ„ํš, ์šดํ–‰์ฃผ๊ธฐ(Cycle Times) ๋“ฑ์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์žฅ๋น„์šด์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ํ˜„์žฅ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Kwon et al.(2012)์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๋™์ž‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—… ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ„์„๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์›Œํฌ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šคํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์šด์˜ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ Gobindan Kannan(2000)์€ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฅ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณ„์ธก์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์ง€์›์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ์†์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•„๋“œ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ ์šฉ๋๋‹ค. Won et al.(2007)์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ์žฅ๋น„๋ณ„ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋ณ„ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ๊ณผ์ง€๋„(Casual Loop Diagram)๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋‹ค์ด๋‚ด๋ฏน์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ† ๊ณต์žฅ๋น„ ์กฐํ•ฉ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋“ค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

M. J. Mawdesley(2002)๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ์ž‘์—…๋ณ„ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…ํ™œ๋™ ์„ธํŠธํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ • ๋ฐ ์ค‘๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฑด์„ค์‚ฌ์—…์— ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ž‘์—…ํ™œ๋™ ์„ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Reza Akhavian(2013)์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ตฐ ์šด์˜์‹œ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์ž๋™ ์ƒ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•„๋“œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋กœ๋”์™€ ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์ž‘์—…์šด์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ฐ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์ž‘์—…์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์ ์ธ ํŒ๋‹จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ค„์กŒ๋˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ตฐ ์šด์˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์— ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํ˜‘์—…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค.

3. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

3.1 ์šด์˜ํŠน์„ฑ

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋Š” ๊ฑด์„คํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ์ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ถ•์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์‹œ๊ณต์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„คํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตด์ฐฉ, ์ •์ง€, ์šด๋ฐ˜ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ตด์ฐฉ์ž‘์—…์€ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์•”์„ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ค„์ง„ ์ง€๋ฐ˜์„ ํŒŒ๋‚ด์–ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์™€ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ ๋“ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‹ค. ๊ตด์ฐฉ์ž‘์—…์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ตด์ฐฉ๋Ÿ‰, ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ด๋™๊ฒฝ๋กœ, ์šด๋ฐ˜์ˆ˜๋‹จ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ์ฒด์  ํ™˜์‚ฐ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ์ž‘์—… ํšจ์œจ, 1ํšŒ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ตด์ฐฉ์ž‘์—…์€ ํ† ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ตด์ฐฉ ํ›„ ์ ์žฌ ๋ฐ ์šด๋ฐ˜, ์„ฑํ† , ๋‹ค์ง, ์ •์ง€์ž‘์—… ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋คํ”„ ๋ฐ ๋ถˆ๋„์ € ๋“ฑ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์™€์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค.

์ •์ง€์ž‘์—…์€ ์„ฑํ†  ๋ฐ ์ ˆํ† ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋ค„์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์ง€๋ฐ˜์„ ํ‰ํƒ„ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ฐ˜ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•œ ๋†’์ด๋งŒํผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‹ค. ์ •์ง€์ž‘์—…์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋„์ €๋Š” ํŠธ๋ž™ํ„ฐ ์ „๋ฉด์˜ ๋ธ”๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ์™€ ํ›„๋ฉด์˜ ๋ฆฌํผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตด์ฐฉ, ์šด๋ฐ˜, ์„ฑํ† , ๋‹ค์ง ๋“ฑ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ •์ง€, ๋ฒŒ๊ฐœ, ์ œ๊ทผ, ๋ฆฌํผ ๋“ฑ ๋ถ€์†์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ๋„์ €์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์€ 1ํšŒ ๊ตด์ฐฉ ์••ํ† ๋Ÿ‰, ๋ธ”๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ํ† ๋Ÿ‰ํ™˜์‚ฐ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ, ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค.

์šด๋ฐ˜์ž‘์—…์€ ๊ฑด์„คํ˜„์žฅ์˜ ๊ตด์ฐฉ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์ง€์ž‘์—… ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ด๋‹ค. ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์€ 1ํšŒ ์ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰, ์ฒด์ ํ™˜์‚ฐ๊ณ„์ˆ˜, ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ, ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ์ ์žฌ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ, ์ฒด์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์œจ ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ์จ ์ ์žฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์™•๋ณต์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ์šด๋ฐ˜์ž‘์—…์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ ์žฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์™•๋ณต์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด๋ฐ˜์ž‘์—…์˜ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹จ์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

3.2 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์กฐ์ข…๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์กฐ์ข…๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์šด๋ฐ˜, ๊ตด์ฐฉ, ์ ์žฌ, ์ •์ง€, ๋‹ค์ง ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์€ ์žฅ๋น„์šด์˜์‹œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํƒ€ ์žฅ๋น„์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜‘์—…๊ณผ์ •์€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์— ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ทจํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตด์ฐฉ, ์ •์ง€, ์šด๋ฐ˜ ๋“ฑ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ฆ‰, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์ข…๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„คํ˜„์žฅ์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ๋™์ž‘ํŒจํ„ด, ์ž‘์—…๊ต๋Œ€, ์œ„์น˜์ด๋™์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค. ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„ ํ•˜์—์„œ ์žฅ๋น„ ์กฐ์ข…์›์€ ์ž‘์—…๊ณต์ •์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ , ๋‹จ์œ„์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์€ ์žฅ๋น„์šด์˜์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „, ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ข…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„ ํ•˜์—์„œ ์šด์˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์™€์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Fig. 2๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตด์ฐฉ-์ ์žฌ-์šด๋ฐ˜์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ž‘์—…์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์—…์ˆœ์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ณ„์ž‘์—…์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ตด์ฐฉ-์ ์žฌ์ž‘์—…์€ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ, ์šด๋ฐ˜์žฅ๋น„๋Š” ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜์–ด์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋ถˆ๋„์ €-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ž‘์—… ์‹œ์—๋Š” ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋ถˆ๋„์ € ๋ธ”๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์ ์žฌํ•จ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ž‘์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ž‘์—…์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์ค‘ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ตด์ฐฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ๊ตด์ฐฉ ์••ํ† ๋Ÿ‰, ์ ์žฌ ํšŸ์ˆ˜, ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๊ตํ™˜๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

PICEC37.gif

Fig. 2. Work Cycle Between Excavator and Dump Truck

ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ์‹œ ์ด๋ค„์ง€๋Š” ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„ ์กฐ์ข…์›์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„ ํ•˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด ์ด๋ค„์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ค„์ง€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„์—์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ๊ตํ™˜๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ •๋ณด, ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰, ์ž‘์—…์ง„์ฒ™๋„ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ตํ™˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

4. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ

4.1 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ํ˜„์žฅ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์—๊ฒŒ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํšจ์œจ์  ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ํ˜„์žฅ์ •๋ณด, ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ž‘์—…๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์ž‘์—…ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žฅ๋น„ ์กฐ์ข…์›์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ง„์ฒ™๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ƒ์ดํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํˆฌ์ž…๋Œ€์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์—ฐ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ง€์‹œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค.

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์™€ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์› ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•œ ํ˜‘์—…์ž‘์—… ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ ์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—… ์‚ฌ์ดํด์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ์ž‘์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์žฅ๋น„๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์žฅ๋น„์™€ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ง€์†์ ์ด๊ณ  ์›ํ™œํ•œ ํ˜‘์—… ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹จ์ถ•์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์€ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž‘์—…์ง„ํ–‰ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.

4.2 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์†์„ฑ๋ถ„์„

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์šด์˜ ์‹œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์ด ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฅ์ •๋ณด, ์ž‘์—…์ •๋ณด, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ •๋ณด ๋“ฑ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์ž‘์—… ์‹œ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค.

Table 1์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์—์„œ ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์‚ญ๊ธฐ(Excavator)์™€ ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ(Dump truck)์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฅ์ •๋ณด(Site information), ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์ •๋ณด(Work amount information), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์ •๋ณด(Construction equipment information)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋๋‹ค.

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ˜„์žฅ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฅ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์ด๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฅ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ณ„ํš์‹œ ์ธก๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์„ค๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŒ๋‹จ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋กœ์จ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„, ์ž‘์—…์ผ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ํ† ๊ณต ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต์ •๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฅ์ •๋ณด์—์„œ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณ„ํšํ† ๊ณต๋Ÿ‰, ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…๋ฉด์ , ๊ณ„ํš๊ณ  ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์šด๋ฐ˜๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ์šด๋ฐ˜์œ„์น˜, ์šด๋ฐ˜ํšŸ์ˆ˜ ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค.

์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์ด๋‹ค. ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฐ์ •์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์š”์†Œ๋“ค๋กœ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰, ํˆฌ์ž…๋Œ€์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…ํšŸ์ˆ˜, 1ํšŒ ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ตด์ฐฉ๋Ÿ‰, ์‹ธ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜๊ณ , ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์šด๋ฐ˜๋Ÿ‰, ์šด๋ฐ˜๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ, ์ ์žฌํ† ๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํŠน์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ์„œ ์žฅ๋น„์ž์ฒด ๋ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋œ ์ž‘์—…์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค. ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ๋ถ๊ณผ ์•”์˜ ๊ธธ์ด ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ ์žฌ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ๋Ÿ‰, ์šด๋ฐ˜์†๋„ ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ๋‹ค.

5. ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ดํ•‘

5.1 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ณผ์ •

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ณผ์ •์€ UML ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Fig. 3์€ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ, ๋ถˆ๋„์ €, ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ง„ํ–‰์‹œ ๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…์‹œ ํ˜ธํ™˜๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์Šค์ผ€์ด์Šค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ(Use-Case Diagram)์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ตด์ฐฉ-์ ์žฌ-์šด๋ฐ˜์ž‘์—… ์‹œ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ ์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ถˆ๋„์ €-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์šด๋ฐ˜-์ •์ง€์ž‘์—… ์‹œ ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ์šด๋ฐ˜ ํ›„ ์ ํ•˜๋œ ํ† ์‚ฌ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋ถˆ๋„์ €์˜ ์ •์ง€์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

Table 1. Construction Equipment Work Attributes

Construction

equipment

Work

Work type

Site information

Work amount information

Construction equipment information

Excavator

Excavation,

loading

Planned excavating volume (m3)

Planned excavating range (m2)

Planned excavating height (m)

Soil volume (m3)

Excavating soil volume (m3)

Cycle time (sec)

Excavating number

Excavating time

Loading time

Loading soil volume

Inputting number

Accumulated excavating volume (m3)

Bucket capacity (m3)

Boom length (mm)

Arm length (mm)

Maximum working radius (mm)

Maximum working height (mm)

Maximum working depth (mm)

Turning speed (rpm)

Bucket Turning angle (ยฐ)

Maximum driving speed (km/h)

Maximum excavating force (ton)

Maximum hauling capacity (ton)

Dump truck

Transpor-

tation

Planned transporting area (m3)

Transporting position

Transporting number

Driving route

Soil volume (m3)

Transporting soil volume (m3)

Transporting distance (m)

Loading soil volume (m3)

Cycle time (min)

Loading time (sec)

Turnaround time (sec)

Unloading time (sec)

Waiting time (sec)

Box cover system setting/dismantling time (sec)

Accumulated loading volume (m3)

Inputting number

Loading capacity (m3)

Average driving speed (km/h)

Maximum driving speed (km/h)

Maximum loading volume (kg)

Dumping angle (ยฐ)

Cover box existence or not

5.2 ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง

ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋Š” Fig. 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ(Class Diagram)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ๋‹ค. ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด์ค‘ ๊ณตํ†ต์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์†์„ฑ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ํˆด๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋๋‹ค.

ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์‹œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํด๋ž˜์Šค ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์žฅ๋น„์— ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ƒ์œ„ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋กœ์„œ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋ถˆ๋„์ €-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์ •๋ณด ์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฅ๋น„์— ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณตํ†ต์ •๋ณด์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๊ณ„ํšํ† ๊ณต๋Ÿ‰, ๊ณ„ํš์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„, ํ† ๊ณต๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ฐจ์ƒ์œ„ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์—๋Š” ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ๊ณผ ๋ถˆ๋„์ €-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณตํ†ต์ •๋ณด์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตด์ฐฉํ† ๊ณต๋Ÿ‰, ์ ์žฌํ† ๊ณต๋Ÿ‰ ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณตํ†ต์ •๋ณด์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์žฅ๋น„์—๋งŒ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์šด์˜์— ์ ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.

PICECB5.gif

Fig. 3. Construction Equipment Earthwork Use-case Diagram

์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ์ •๋ณด์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์—ฌ์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š”๋‹ค.

Fig. 5๋Š” ์‹œํ€€์Šค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ(Sequence Diagram)์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์‹œํ€€์Šค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ์žฅ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์˜ ์ž‘์—…์ง„ํ–‰์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์„ ์ž‘์—… ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์˜ ์ฃผ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

PICED04.gif

Fig. 4. Construction Equipment Class Diagram

PICED63.gif

Fig. 5. Construction Equipment Earthwork Sequence Diagram

5.3 ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ

๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜‘์—…์ง€์›์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐํ™”๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ERD(Entity-Relation Diagram)๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๋ณ„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ์ œ์•ฝ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ์€ ์šด์˜ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—”ํ‹ฐํ‹ฐ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์— ์ €์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—”ํ‹ฐํ‹ฐ๋Š” 1:n์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์–ด ํ˜‘์—…์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ ์—”ํ‹ฐํ‹ฐ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ณ ์œ ์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—”ํ‹ฐํ‹ฐ ๋ฐ ์†์„ฑ์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…์— ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ์ƒํ˜ธ์šด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ERD๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์žฅ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ๋ช‡๋ช‡์˜ ๊ณต์œ ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ, ๋ถˆ๋„์ €, ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋ฐ ๋ถˆ๋„์ €-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜„์žฅ, ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์†์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

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Fig. 6. SQL Database for Information Interface

ERD ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์‹œ ์ ์žฌ์ž‘์—… ์ค‘ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ์ ์žฌํ•จ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „์ฒด๊ณ„ํš๋œ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ด ๋ˆ„์  ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰, ์‚ฌ์ดํด ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ํˆฌ์ž…๋Œ€์ˆ˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.

Fig. 6์€ Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์†์„ฑ๊ฐ’์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์†์„ฑ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜‘์—…๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์—…๋ฌดํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋กœ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐฑ์‹ ๊ณผ ์ €์žฅ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค.

6. ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ดํ•‘

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์— ์ €์žฅ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ €์žฅ๋œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์†์„ฑ์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์— ์ €์žฅ๋œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์šด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜‘์—…์ž‘์—… ์‹œ ์ž‘์—…์ž์™€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์™€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ž‘์—…ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์†์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›, ํ˜„์žฅ ์ž‘์—…์ž, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์ข…๋ฅ˜, ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์‹œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ณ„๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ํ˜‘์—… ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํ™”๋ฉด์— ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์žฅ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…ํ™”๋ฉด ๊ตฌํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์—…ํ˜„์žฅ ์ •๋ณด๋‚˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์žฅ๋น„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์ด ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์‹œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ข…์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

PICEE30.jpg

PICEE9E.jpg

(a) Display for the Excavator

(b) Display for Dump Truck

Fig. 7. Information Display for Construction Equipment

PICEF7A.jpg

PICF036.jpg

(a) Display for the Excavator

(b) Display for Dump Truck

Fig. 8. Information Interface between Excavator and Dump Truck

Fig. 7(a)์—์„œ ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ณ„ํš๊ตด์ฐฉ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตด์ฐฉ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตด์ฐฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ , Fig. 7(b)์˜ ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ํ™”๋ฉด์€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ, ์šด๋ฐ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์žฌ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰, ์ ์žฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ† ์‚ฌ์šด๋ฐ˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ๊ตํ™˜๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ๊ณตํ†ต์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค. Fig. 8์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ํ˜‘์—…์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…์ •๋ณด ์ œ๊ณต์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค.

๋จผ์ € ์ƒ๋‹จ์—๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์ž‘์—…์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ, ๋ถˆ๋„์ €, ๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์ด ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด ๋ฐ ๊ณ„ํš ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ง€ํ˜•์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ•˜๋‹จ ์ขŒ์ธก๊ณผ ์šฐ์ธก์—๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ขŒ์ธก์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์ด ํƒ‘์Šนํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ์จ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ์ธก์—๋Š” ํ˜‘์—…์‹œ ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์ด ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰, ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ตด์‚ญ๊ธฐ-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ์ ์žฌํ•จ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณต์œ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์—…ํ† ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ด๋™๋Ÿ‰์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ์ ์žฌ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ๋„์ €-๋คํ”„ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ธ”๋ ˆ์ด๋“œ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ ์žฌํ•จ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ ํ•˜๋˜๋Š” ํ† ๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์ง€ํ† ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์ •๋ณด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„ํ–‰์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋‚จ์€ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์ง„์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ž‘์—…์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋†’์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ž…๋ ฅ์€ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์ƒ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ž‘์—…์œผ๋กœ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜์ž‘์—… ์ž…๋ ฅ์€ ๋ณธ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์˜ ์‹ค์šฉํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ •์ฐฉ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๋ชจ์…˜์ˆ˜์ง‘ ๋ฐ ์šด์˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ž…๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ๊ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์šด์˜์‹œ ํ˜‘์—… ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค.

7. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์ž‘์—… ์ค‘ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—… ์‹œ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ–ฅํ›„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ตฐ ์šด์˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ(Fleet Management System)์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ฑด์„คํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ ๋‹ค์ข…์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜‘์—…์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•จ์œผ์จ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ† ๊ณต์ž‘์—…์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜‘์—…์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜๋Š” ์†์„ฑ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ์šด์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ž‘์—…ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉํŒ๋‹จ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ง€์›์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์˜ ์šฉ์ด์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋™๊ฒฝ๋กœ ๋ฐ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ„ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ์œ ๋„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ œ์‹œ๋œ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์€ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„๊ตฐ์˜ ํ˜‘์—…์‹œ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตํ™˜๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ „์ฒด์ž‘์—… ๊ณ„ํš๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์ž‘์—…๋Ÿ‰, ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ž‘์—…ํˆฌ์ž… ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คฌ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ํ”„๋กœํ† ํƒ€์ž…์€ ํ˜‘์—…์‹œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์กฐ์ข…์›๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฅ์ •๋ณด, ์ž‘์—…ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์ง„ํ–‰์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์กฐ์ข…์‹œ ๊ณต์œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋ณด ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋Š” ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฑด์„ค์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ํ˜‘์—… ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ๊ตฌ์ถ•์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จ๋œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๋ถ€/๊ตญํ† ๊ตํ†ต๊ณผํ•™๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์› ๊ฑด์„ค๊ธฐ์ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์—…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋น„์ง€์›(14SCIP-B079690-01)์— ์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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