| Title |
Typology of Dynamic Accessibility at Major Transfer Stations in Seoul Using Bus-Metro Transfer Time |
| Authors |
최태정(Choi, Taejeong) ; 박진우(Park, Jinwoo) ; 김정화(Kim, Junghwa) |
| DOI |
https://doi.org/10.12652/Ksce.2026.46.5.0459 |
| Keywords |
동적접근성; 교통카드 데이터; 환승시간; 군집분석; 토지이용 Dynamic accessibility; Transportation card data; Transfer time; Cluster analysis; Land use |
| Abstract |
This study defines dynamic accessibility based on temporal variations in bus-to-subway transfer time using Seoul transportation card data, analyzing 15 major transfer stations served by three or more intersecting urban railway lines. A transfer time gap indicator?representing each time period's deviation from the station's daily average?was developed as a dynamic accessibility measure. K-means clustering was applied to classify the 15 stations into three distinct types: stable stations with minimal gap variation and faster-than-average transfers during morning peak hours; mixed stations exhibiting the largest morning peak gap reduction but high overall temporal variability; and sensitive stations showing markedly larger transfer time gaps during off-peak hours. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between commercial land-use ratio within each station's catchment area and off-peak transfer time gaps, and this association remained stable even after excluding a station with an exceptionally high commercial ratio. These findings suggest that surrounding land-use characteristics are meaningfully associated with temporal variations in transfer accessibility. Specifically, commercially dominant catchment areas appear to attract more non-commute trips during midday hours, which may be associated with elevated off-peak transfer times and reduced dynamic accessibility. The findings support the need for time-differentiated, station-type-specific transfer management strategies tailored to each cluster's characteristics. This approach also demonstrates the practical potential of transportation card data as a low-cost, continuously available tool for monitoring dynamic transfer accessibility across urban rail networks without requiring additional field surveys. |